味噌

Chinese

taste sound of bells, etc; to scold; whoosh!
simp. and trad.
(味噌) 		味 噌

Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 味噌 (miso).

Pronunciation

Noun

味噌

  1. miso (fermenting soybean paste)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 味噌 (“miso (fermenting soybean paste)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 味噌
Cantonese Hong Kong 麵豉, 麵豉醬
Southern Min Taipei 豆醬, 味噌
New Taipei (Sanxia) 豆醬, mi-só-sí-luh
Kaohsiung 味噌
Yilan 豆醬, 味噌
Changhua (Lukang) 豆醬, 味噌
Taichung 味噌
Tainan 豆醬, 味噌
Hsinchu 味噌, 日本豆醬
Penghu (Magong) 味噌

Derived terms

Japanese

Kanji in this term
味 噌
み
Grade: 3
(ateji) 		そ
Jinmeiyō
(ateji)
goon kan'yōon
Alternative spellings
未醤
味醤

Etymology

*/misau/ → */misɔ/ → /miso/

From Old Japanese. First attested in Ritsuryō tax records from 738 CE, with the spelling 未醤.[1]

Possibly either directly from Middle Chinese 未醬 (MC mj+jH tsjangH), or a coinage in Japan of Middle Chinese-derived elements as a compound of 未 (mi, “not yet, immature”) +‎ 醬 (sō, “sauce”, the older goon reading, from even older sau).

Vovin, however, considers it to be a borrowing from Koreanic,[2] compare Modern Korean 메주 (meju) "brick of dried fermented soybeans."

Cognate with Proto-Ryukyuan *miso. A Proto-Japonic *misV is sometimes reconstructed as the ancestor for both.

Pronunciation

  • Audio:(file)

Noun

味(み)噌(そ) or 味噌(ミソ) • (miso) 

  1. miso (fermented soybean paste)
  2. the innards of a crab or shrimp resembling miso
  3. the good part (from the taste of miso)
    そこがミソなんだよ。
    Soko ga miso na n da yo.
    That's the great part about it.
  4. short for 味噌っ滓 (misokkasu): a good-for-nothing child
  5. a weakling
  6. a failure
    Synonyms: しくじり (shikujiri), 失敗 (shippai)

Derived terms

  • 味噌和(みそあ)え, 味噌韲(みそあ)え (misoae)
  • 味噌餡(みそあん) (misoan)
  • 味噌(みそ)水(うず), 糝(みそうず) (misōzu), 味噌水(みそう) (misō)
  • 味噌(みそ)買(か)い橋(ばし) (Miso Kaibashi)
  • 味噌(みそ)滓(かす), 味噌(みそ)糟(かす) (miso kasu), 味噌(みそ)っ滓(かす) (misokkasu)
  • 味噌(みそ)カツ (miso katsu)
  • 味噌(みそ)粥(がゆ) (misogayu)
  • 味噌(みそ)川(がわ) (Misogawa)
  • 味噌(みそ)糞(くそ) (miso kuso)
  • 味噌(みそ)蔵(ぐら) (misogura)
  • 味噌気(みそけ) (misoke)
  • 味噌(みそ)麹(こうじ) (miso kōji)
  • 味噌漉(みそこ)し (misokoshi)
  • 味噌(みそ)汁(しる) (misoshiru, “miso soup”)
  • 味噌擂(みそす)り (misosuri)
  • 味噌擂(みそす)り坊主(ぼうず) (misosuri bōzu)
  • 味噌(みそ)煎餅(せんべい) (miso senbei)
  • 味噌(みそ)玉(だま) (misodama)
  • 味噌搗(みそつ)き (misotsuki)
  • 味噌漬(みそづ)け, 味噌(みそ)漬(づけ) (miso-zuke)
  • 味噌(ミソ)直(ナオシ) (misonaoshi)
  • 味噌煮(みそに) (misoni)
  • 味噌(みそ)っ歯(ぱ) (misoppa)
  • 味噌(みそ)ピーナツ (miso pīnatsu)
  • 味噌部屋(みそべや) (miso-beya)
  • 味噌(みそ)豆(まめ) (misomame)
  • 味噌(みそ)焼(やき), 味噌焼(みそや)き (misoyaki)
  • 味噌(みそ)役人(やくにん) (miso yakunin)
  • 味噌(みそ)用人(ようにん) (miso yōnin)
  • 赤(あか)味噌(みそ) (akamiso)
  • 甘(あま)味噌(みそ) (amamiso)
  • 合(あわ)せ味噌(みそ), 合(あ)わせ味噌(みそ) (awasemiso)
  • 田舎(いなか)味噌(みそ) (inaka miso)
  • 魚(うお)味噌(みそ) (uo miso)
  • 江戸(えど)味噌(みそ) (Edo miso)
  • 岡崎(おかざき)味噌(みそ) (Okazaki miso)
  • 落(おと)し味噌(みそ), 落(お)とし味噌(みそ) (otoshimiso)
  • 牡蠣(かき)味噌(みそ) (kaki miso)
  • 鰹(かつお)味噌(みそ) (katsuo miso)
  • 蟹(かに)味噌(みそ) (kanimiso)
  • 榧(かや)味噌(みそ) (kaya miso)
  • 辛(から)味噌(みそ) (karamiso)
  • 乾燥(かんそう)味噌(みそ) (kansō miso)
  • 切(きり)味噌(みそ), 切(き)り味噌(みそ) (kirimiso)
  • 径山寺(きんざんじ)味噌(みそ), 金山寺味噌(きんざんじみそ) (Kinzanji miso)
  • 糞(くそ)味噌(みそ) (kuso miso)
  • 五斗(ごと)味噌(みそ), 後藤(ごと)味噌(みそ) (goto miso)
  • 粉(こな)味噌(みそ) (kona miso)
  • 胡麻(ごま)味噌(みそ) (goma miso)
  • 米(こめ)味噌(みそ) (kome miso)
  • 西京(さいきょう)味噌(みそ) (Saikyō miso)
  • 桜(さくら)味噌(みそ) (sakura miso)
  • 山椒(さんしょう)味噌(みそ) (sanshō miso)
  • 三年(さんねん)味噌(みそ) (sannen miso)
  • 敷(しき)味噌(みそ), 敷(し)き味噌(みそ) (shikimiso)
  • 生姜(しょうが)味噌(みそ) (shōga miso)
  • 白(しろ)味噌(みそ) (shiromiso)
  • 信州(しんしゅう)味噌(みそ) (Shinshū miso)
  • 糂粏(じんだ)味噌(みそ) (jinda miso)
  • 酢味噌(すみそ) (sumiso)
  • 仙台(せんだい)味噌(みそ) (Sendai miso)
  • 鯛(たい)味噌(みそ) (tai miso)
  • 玉(たま)味噌(みそ) (tamamiso)
  • 駄味噌(だみそ) (damiso)
  • 垂(た)れ味噌(みそ) (taremiso)
  • 鉄火(てっか)味噌(みそ) (tekka miso)
  • 手味噌(てみそ) (temiso)
  • 泣(なき)味噌(みそ), 泣(な)き味噌(みそ) (nakimiso)
  • 生(なま)味噌(みそ) (namamiso)
  • なめ味噌(みそ), 嘗(な)め味噌(みそ) (namemiso)
  • 肉(にく)味噌(みそ) (niku miso)
  • 糠(ぬか)味噌(みそ) (nuka miso)
  • 葱(ねぎ)味噌(みそ) (negi miso)
  • 練(ね)味噌(みそ), 練(ね)り味噌(みそ), 煉(ね)り味噌(みそ) (nerimiso)
  • 脳(のう)味噌(みそ) (nōmiso, “brains”)
  • 八丁(はっちょう)味噌(みそ) (hatchō miso)
  • ピーナツ味噌(みそ) (pīnatsu miso)
  • 蕗(ふき)味噌(みそ) (fukimiso)
  • 袱(ふく)紗(さ)味噌(みそ) (fukusa miso)
  • 朴(ほお)葉(ば)味噌(みそ) (hōba miso)
  • 法論味噌(ほろみそ) (horomiso)
  • 豆(まめ)味噌(みそ) (mame miso)
  • 麦(むぎ)味噌(みそ) (mugi miso)
  • 諸(もろ)味(み)味噌(みそ) (moromi miso)
  • 焼(やき)味噌(みそ), 焼(や)き味噌(みそ) (yakimiso)
  • 柚(ゆず)味噌(みそ) (yuzu miso), 柚味噌(ゆみそ) (yumiso)
  • 弱(よわ)味噌(みそ) (yowamiso)

Idioms

  • 味噌(みそ)が腐(くさ)る (miso ga kusaru)
  • 味噌(みそ)を上(あ)げる (miso o ageru)
  • 味噌(みそ)を擂(す)る (miso o suru)
  • 味噌(みそ)を付(つ)ける (miso o tsukeru)
  • 酢(す)にも味噌(みそ)にも (su ni mo miso ni mo)
  • 手(て)前(まえ)味噌(みそ) (temae miso)

Proverbs

  • 味噌(みそ)も糞(くそ)も一緒(いっしょ) (miso mo kuso mo issho), 糞(くそ)も味噌(みそ)も一緒(いっしょ) (kuso mo miso mo issho)
  • 鬼(おに)味噌(みそ) (oni miso)
  • 長者(ちょうじゃ)の脛(はぎ)に味噌(みそ)を塗(ぬ)る (chōja no hagi ni miso o nuru)

Descendants

  • → Cantonese: 味噌 (mei6 zang1)
  • → Czech: miso
  • → English: miso
  • → Finnish: miso
  • → French: miso
  • → German: Miso
  • → Hindi: मिसो (miso)
  • → Hokkien: 味噌 (mí-so͘h / mí-soh / bí-so͘h)
  • → Italian: miso
  • → Korean: 미소 (miso)
  • → Macanese: miçó, missó
  • → Mandarin: 味噌 (wèicēng, wèizēng)
  • → Persian: میسو (miso)
  • → Portuguese: missô
  • → Russian: ми́со (míso)
  • → Spanish: miso
  • → Tagalog: miso

See also

Proper noun

味(み)噌(そ) • (Miso) 

  1. a surname

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Vovin, Alexander (2007) “Korean Loanwords”, in Altai Hakpo (알타이학보)‎[1], volume 17, pages 77-78
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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