地中海

Chinese

		earth; ground; field earth; ground; field; place; land; (subor. part. adverbial); ‑ly	sea surrounded by land
trad. (地中海)		地	中海
simp. ^#(地中海)		地	中海

Etymology

Calque of Latin Mare Mediterraneum, first attested in the 1602 《坤輿萬國全圖》 (Kunyu Wanguo Quantu) world map.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Dìzhōnghǎi

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄧˋ ㄓㄨㄥㄏㄞˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): dei⁶ zung¹ hoi²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Thi-chûng-hói
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Tē-tiong-hái

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Dìzhōnghǎi
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄧˋ ㄓㄨㄥㄏㄞˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Dìjhonghǎi
  - Wade–Giles: Ti⁴-chung¹-hai³
  - Yale: Dì-jūng-hǎi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Dihjonghae
  - Palladius: Дичжунхай (Dičžunxaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: dei⁶ zung¹ hoi²
  - Yale: deih jūng hói
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dei⁶ dzung¹ hoi²
  - Guangdong Romanization: déi⁶ zung¹ hoi²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tei̯²² t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Thi-chûng-hói
  - Hakka Romanization System: ti zung^ˊ hoi^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ti⁴ zung¹ hoi³
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰi⁵⁵ t͡suŋ²⁴ hoi̯³¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tē-tiong-hái
  - Tâi-lô: Tē-tiong-hái
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dexdionghae
  - IPA (Xiamen): /te²²⁻²¹ tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /te⁴¹⁻²² tiɔŋ³³ hai⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /te²²⁻²¹ tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /te³³⁻¹¹ tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /te³³⁻²¹ tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁴¹/

Proper noun

地中海

the Mediterranean Sea (a sea between Europe and Africa)
- 國中有二大名城，一曰西未利亞，近地中海，為亞墨利加諸舶所聚。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
  国中有二大名城，一曰西未利亚，近地中海，为亚墨利加诸舶所聚。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
  From: 1623, Giulio Aleni,《職方外紀》
  Guó zhōng yǒu èr dà míngchéng, yī yuē Xīwèilìyà, jìn Dìzhōnghǎi, wéi Yàmòlìjiā zhū bó suǒ jù. [Pinyin]
  The country [Spain] has two major famous cities. One is Seville, near the Mediterranean Sea. All the ships of America gathered there.

Derived terms

地中海型農業 / 地中海型农业
地中海氣候 / 地中海气候
地中海貧血 / 地中海贫血 (dìzhōnghǎi pínxuè)
地中海飲食 / 地中海饮食 (dìzhōnghǎi yǐnshí)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (地中海):

→ Japanese: 地(ち)中(ちゅう)海(かい) (Chichūkai)
→ Korean: 지중해(地中海) (Jijunghae)
→ Vietnamese: Địa Trung Hải (地中海)

Noun

地中海

Alternative term for 陸間海／陆间海 (“mediterranean sea”).
(informal, figurative) crown baldness

Japanese

Kanji in this term
地	中	海
ち Grade: 2	ちゅう Grade: 1	かい Grade: 2
kan'on

Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

Etymology

From Chinese 地中海 (Dìzhōnghǎi).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ちちゅうかい [chìchúꜜùkàì] (Nakadaka – [2])
IPA^(key): [t͡ɕi̥t͡ɕɨːka̠i]

Proper noun

地(ち)中(ちゅう)海(かい) • (Chichūkai)

the Mediterranean Sea (a sea between Europe and Africa)

Korean

Hanja in this term
地	中	海

Proper noun

地中海 • (Jijunghae) (hangeul 지중해)

hanja form^? of 지중해 (“Mediterranean Sea”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
地	中	海

Proper noun

地中海

chữ Hán form of Địa Trung Hải (“Mediterranean Sea”)