堝

See also: 埚

堝	U+581D, 堝 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-581D

← 堜
[U+581C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

堞 →
[U+581E]

Translingual

Han character

堝 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 土月月口 (GBBR), four-corner 4712₇, composition ⿰土咼)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 233, character 8
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5247
Dae Jaweon: page 470, character 26
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 454, character 1
Unihan data for U+581D

Chinese

trad.		堝
simp.		埚

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (冎) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
碢	*l'oːl
腡	ɡ·roːl, kʷroːl
過	kloːl, kloːls
渦	kloːl, qloːl
鍋	*kloːl
楇	kloːl, ɡloːls
瘑	*kloːl
緺	koːl, kroːl, *kʷroːl
堝	*kloːl
濄	kloːl, qloːl
鐹	kloːlʔ, kloːls
薖	*kʰloːl
簻	kʰloːl, kr'oːl
禍	*ɡloːlʔ
窩	*qloːl
萵	*qloːl
檛	*kr'oːl
膼	*kr'oːl
蝸	kroːl, kʷroːl
媧	kroːl, kʷroːl
騧	kroːl, kʷroːl
冎	*kroːlʔ
剮	*kroːlʔ
諣	qʰroːls, qʰʷroːls
歄	*kʷroːl
咼	*kʰʷroːl
喎	*kʰʷroːl

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kloːl): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 咼 (OC *kʰʷroːl).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): guō (guo¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄛ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: guō
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄛ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: guo
  - Wade–Giles: kuo¹
  - Yale: gwō
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guo
  - Palladius: го (go)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯ɔ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: kwa

Rime
Character	堝
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古禾切
Baxter	kwa
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/kuɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwa/
Li Rong	/kuɑ/
Wang Li	/kuɑ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kuɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guō
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwo¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kloːl/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	堝
Reading #	1/1
No.	4368
Phonetic component	冎
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	戈
Old Chinese	/*kloːl/

Definitions

堝

crucible

Compounds

坩堝 / 坩埚 (gānguō)

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wō, guō (wo¹, guo¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄛ, ㄍㄨㄛ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wō
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄛ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wo
  - Wade–Giles: wo¹
  - Yale: wō
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: uo
  - Palladius: во (vo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɔ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: guō
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄛ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: guo
  - Wade–Giles: kuo¹
  - Yale: gwō
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guo
  - Palladius: го (go)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯ɔ⁵⁵/

Definitions

堝

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Compounds

一堝 / 一埚
哪堝兒 / 哪埚儿
這堝兒 / 这埚儿
那堝兒 / 那埚儿

References

“堝”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

堝

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: か (ka)
Kan-on: か (ka)
Kun: るつぼ (rutsubo)

Korean

Hanja

堝 • (gwa) (hangeul 과, revised gwa, McCune–Reischauer kwa)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

堝: Hán Nôm readings: qua

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation