天涯

Chinese

		day; sky; heaven	border; horizon; shore
simp. and trad. (天涯)		天	涯

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tiānyá

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄢㄧㄚˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): tin¹ ngaai⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thiên-ngài
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): thian-gâi

(Teochew, Peng'im): tiêng¹ ngai⁵ / tiang¹ ngai⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tiānyá
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢㄧㄚˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tianyá
  - Wade–Giles: tʻien¹-ya²
  - Yale: tyān-yá
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tianya
  - Palladius: тянья (tjanʹja)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ jä³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: tin¹ ngaai⁴
  - Yale: tīn ngàaih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tin¹ ngaai⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: tin¹ ngai⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiːn⁵⁵ ŋaːi̯²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thiên-ngài
  - Hakka Romanization System: tien^ˊ ngai^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: tian¹ ngai²
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰi̯en²⁴ ŋai̯¹¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thian-gâi
  - Tâi-lô: thian-gâi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tien'gaai
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ɡai²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiɛn³³ ɡai²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ɡai¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡai²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡai²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: tiêng¹ ngai⁵ / tiang¹ ngai⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thieng ngâi / thiang ngâi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰieŋ³³⁻²³ ŋai⁵⁵/, /tʰiaŋ³³⁻²³ ŋai⁵⁵/

Note:

tiêng1 ngai5 - Chaozhou;
tiang1 ngai5 - Shantou, Jieyang.

Middle Chinese: then ngje|ngea

Rime
Character	天	涯	涯
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	透 (6)	疑 (31)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	先 (85)	支 (13)	佳 (31)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	III	II
Fanqie	他前切	魚羈切	五佳切
Baxter	then	ngje	ngea
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰen/	/ŋˠiᴇ/	/ŋˠɛ/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰen/	/ŋᵚiɛ/	/ŋᵚæ/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɛn/	/ŋiɛ/	/ŋæi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰɛn/	/ŋjiə̆/	/ŋaɨj/
Li Rong	/tʰen/	/ŋje/	/ŋɛ/
Wang Li	/tʰien/	/ŋǐe/	/ŋai/
Bernhard Karlgren	/tʰien/	/ŋie̯/	/ŋai/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tiān	yí	yá
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tin¹	ji⁴	ngaai⁴

Noun

天涯

(literary) far corners of the world; distant lands

Derived terms

同是天涯淪落人 / 同是天涯沦落人 (tóng shì tiānyá lúnluòrén)
咫尺天涯
地角天涯
天涯何處無芳草 / 天涯何处无芳草 (tiānyá héchù wú fāngcǎo)
天涯咫尺
天涯地角 (tiānyá dìjiǎo)
天涯海角 (tiānyáhǎijiǎo)
天涯知己
天涯若比鄰 / 天涯若比邻 (tiānyá ruò bǐlín)
明日天涯
海角天涯
浪跡天涯 / 浪迹天涯

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (天涯):

→ Japanese: 天涯(てんがい) (tengai)
→ Korean: 천애(天涯) (cheonae)

See also

天際／天际 (tiānjì)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
天	涯
てん Grade: 1	がい Grade: S
on'yomi

Noun

天(てん)涯(がい) • (tengai)