太子

Chinese

		too (much); very; extremely too (much); very; extremely; highest; greatest	child; son; (noun suffix) child; son; (noun suffix); small thing; seed; egg; 1st earthly branch; 11 p.m.–1 a.m., midnight
simp. and trad. (太子)		太	子

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tàizǐ

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄞˋ ㄗˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): taai³ zi²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thai-chṳ́
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): thài-chú / thài-chír

(Teochew, Peng'im): tai³ ze²
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tha-tsy

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tàizǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄞˋ ㄗˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tàizǐh
  - Wade–Giles: tʻai⁴-tzŭ³
  - Yale: tài-dž
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: taytzyy
  - Palladius: тайцзы (tajczy)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: taai³ zi²
  - Yale: taai jí
  - Cantonese Pinyin: taai³ dzi²
  - Guangdong Romanization: tai³ ji²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaːi̯³³ t͡siː³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thai-chṳ́
  - Hakka Romanization System: tai zii^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: tai⁴ zi³
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰai̯⁵⁵ t͡sɨ³¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thài-chú
  - Tâi-lô: thài-tsú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: taezuo
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡su⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡su⁵³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ t͡su⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thài-chír
  - Tâi-lô: thài-tsír
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: tai³ ze²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thài tsṳ́
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sɯ⁵²⁻²¹/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tha-tsy
  - MiniDict: tha^去 tsy
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tha-tsr
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /tʰa³³ t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: thajH tsiX

Rime
Character	太	子
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	泰 (25)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	他蓋切	即里切
Baxter	thajH	tsiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰɑi^H/	/t͡sɨ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰɑi^H/	/t͡sɨ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɑi^H/	/t͡sie^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰaj^H/	/t͡sɨ^X/
Li Rong	/tʰɑi^H/	/t͡siə^X/
Wang Li	/tʰɑi^H/	/t͡sĭə^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/tʰɑi^H/	/t͡si^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tài	zǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	taai³	zi²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ˤa[t]-s tsəʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*tʰaːds ʔslɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	太	子
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tài	zǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ thaj^H ›	‹ tsi^X ›
Old Chinese	/*l̥ˁa[t]-s/	/*tsəʔ/
English	great	child; gentleman, master
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	太	子
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	1937	17857
Phonetic component	大	子
Rime group	祭	之
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	泰	子
Old Chinese	/*tʰaːds/	/*ʔslɯʔ/

Noun

太子

crown prince

Synonyms

edit

世子 (shìzǐ) (literary)
儲君 / 储君 (chǔjūn)
國本 / 国本 (guóběn) (literary)
春宮 / 春宫 (chūngōng) (literary, metonymically)
東宮 / 东宫 (dōnggōng) (literary, metonymically)
王儲 / 王储 (wángchǔ)
王太子 (wángtàizǐ)
皇儲 / 皇储 (huángchǔ)
皇嗣 (huángsì)
皇太子 (huángtàizǐ)
青宮 / 青宫 (literary, metonymically)

Derived terms

三太子
太子城 (Tàizǐchéng)
太子太保
太子太傅
太子太師 / 太子太师
太子少保
太子少師 / 太子少师
太子洗馬 / 太子洗马
太子港 (Tàizǐgǎng)
太子舍人
太子黨 / 太子党 (Tàizǐdǎng)
昭明太子
燕太子丹
狸貓換太子 / 狸猫换太子 (límāo huàn tàizǐ)
皇太子 (huángtàizǐ)
著龍袍唔似太子 / 著龙袍唔似太子

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (太子):

→ Japanese: 太(たい)子(し) (taishi)
→ Korean: 태자(太子) (taeja)
→ Vietnamese: thái tử (太子)

Others:

→ Classical Mongolian: ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ (tayiǰi)
- → Buryat: тайжа (tajža)
- → Manchu: ᡨ᠋ᠠᡳ᠌ᠵᡳ (taiji)
  - → Chinese: 台吉 (táijí)
- Mongolian: тайж (tajž)
- → Written Oirat: ᡐᠠᡕᡅᠴᡅ (tayiji)
  - → Chagatai:
  - Kalmyk: тәәҗ (tääj)
  - → Classical Tibetan: ཐའི་ཇི (tha'i ji)
    - Tibetan: ཐའི་ཇི (tha'i ji)
  - → Tuvan: тайжы (tayjı)

Proper noun

太子

(～鎮) Taizi (a town in Yangxin, Huangshi, Hubei, China)
Prince Edward (a neighbourhood of Mong Kok in Yau Tsim Mong district, Hong Kong)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
太	子
たい Grade: 2	し Grade: 1
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) たいし [táꜜìshì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ta̠iɕi]

Noun

太(たい)子(し) • (taishi)

a crown prince
(shogi) crown prince (promoted drunk elephant, 醉象/酔象)

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
太	子

Noun

太子 • (taeja) (hangeul 태자)

hanja form^? of 태자 (“crown prince”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
太	子

Noun

太子

chữ Hán form of thái tử (“crown prince”)

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

Chinese

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

Proper noun

Japanese

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Korean

Noun

Vietnamese

Noun