委

委	U+59D4, 委 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-59D4

← 姓
[U+59D3]

CJK Unified Ideographs

姕 →
[U+59D5]

Translingual

Han character

委 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹木女 (HDV), four-corner 2040₄, composition ⿱禾女)

Derived characters

倭, 唩, 婑, 㢻, 㣦, 捼, 涹, 㹻, 㮃, 腇, 矮, 䅗, 緌, 𮉫, 䍴, 蜲, 諉, 诿, 踒, 躷, 錗, 𬭗, 餧, 𫗪, 鯘, 䴧
逶, 䬐, 𱃜, 瓾, 覣, 䫋, 魏, 崣, 萎, 䆧, 䰀, 痿, 巍

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 259, character 10
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6181
Dae Jaweon: page 524, character 11
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1038, character 4
Unihan data for U+59D4

Chinese

trad.		委
simp. ^#		委

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 委
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
矮	*qraːlʔ
躷	*qraːlʔ
捼	noːl, nuːl, *njul
倭	qoːl, qoːlʔ, *qrol
涹	*qoːl
踒	*qoːl
餧	nuːlʔ, qrols
諉	nols, qrolʔ
痿	njol, qrol
萎	qrol, qrols
逶	*qrol
覣	*qrol
蜲	qrol, qrolʔ
委	qrol, qrolʔ
緌	*njul

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qrol, *qrolʔ): phonetic 禾 (OC *ɡoːl) + semantic 女 (in the oracle bones inscriptions, there was 𠃊 instead of a woman kneeling).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): wěi (wei³)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˇ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): wei³

(Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): wèi

(Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): wěi
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): wai²

(Dongguan, Jyutping++): woi²

(Taishan, Wiktionary): vei²
Gan (Wiktionary): ui³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): vî

(Hailu, HRS): vui^ˋ

(Meixian, Guangdong): vi¹
Jin (Wiktionary): vei²
Northern Min (KCR): ṳ̌
Eastern Min (BUC): ūi
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ui³
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): úi

(Teochew, Peng'im): ui²

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): ui²
Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): wai²
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵ue / ³ue / ³uai / ³uei
- (Jinhua): ³ui
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): uei³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wěi
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wěi
  - Wade–Giles: wei³
  - Yale: wěi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woei
  - Palladius: вэй (vɛj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /weɪ̯²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: wei³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ui
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uei⁵³/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin: wèi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uei⁵³/
- (Nanjing)
  - Nanjing Pinyin: wěi
  - Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): wei³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uəi¹¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: wai²
  - Yale: wái
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wai²
  - Guangdong Romanization: wei²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐi̯³⁵/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
  - Jyutping++: woi²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /vɔi³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: vei²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /vei⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: ui³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui²¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vî
  - Hakka Romanization System: vi^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: vi¹
  - Sinological IPA: /vi²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: vui^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /vui⁵³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: vi¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ʋi⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: vei²
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /vei⁵³/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ṳ̌
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /y²¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ūi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui³³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ui³
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ûi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ui³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui³³²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: úi
  - Tâi-lô: uí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: uie
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /ui⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ui⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /ui⁵³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ui²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: úi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui⁵²/
- (Leizhou)
  - Leizhou Pinyin: ui²
  - Sinological IPA: /ui³¹/
Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
  - Jyutping++: wai²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /βəi³³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵ue
  - MiniDict: ue^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²ue
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ue³⁴/
- (Northern: Jiading, Songjiang, Suzhou, Kunshan, Jiaxing, Shaoxing)
  - Wugniu: ³ue
  - MiniDict: uie^上
  - MiniDict: ue^上
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /uɪ³⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /ue⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ue⁵¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Kunshan): /uei⁵²/
  - Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /ue⁴³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /ue³³⁵/
- (Northern: Changzhou)
  - Wugniu: ³uai
  - MiniDict: uai^上
  - Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /uai⁴⁵/
- (Northern: Chongming, Hangzhou, Ningbo)
  - Wugniu: ³uei
  - MiniDict: uei^上
  - Sinological IPA (Chongming): /ʔuei⁴²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /ui⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /uɐɪ³²⁵/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu: ³ui
  - Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /ui⁵³⁵/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: uei³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u̯e̞i̯⁴¹/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 委
Mandarin	Beijing	/uei²¹⁴/
	Harbin	/uei²¹³/
	Tianjin	/vei¹³/
	Jinan	/vei⁵⁵/
	Qingdao	/vəʔ⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/uei⁵³/
	Xi'an	/uei⁵³/
	Xining	/uɨ⁵³/
	Yinchuan	/vei⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/vei⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/vei⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/uei⁴²/
	Chengdu	/uei⁵³/
	Guiyang	/uei⁴²/
	Kunming	/uei⁵³/
	Nanjing	/uəi²¹²/
	Hefei	/ue²⁴/
Jin	Taiyuan	/vei⁵³/
	Pingyao	/uei⁵³/
	Hohhot	/vei⁵³/
Wu	Shanghai	/ue³⁵/
	Suzhou	/ue̞⁵¹/
	Hangzhou	/ʔui⁵³/
	Wenzhou	/v̠u³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/ue³⁵/
Hui	Tunxi	/ue²⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/uei⁴¹/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/uəi⁴²/
Gan	Nanchang	/ui²¹³/
Hakka	Meixian	/vi⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/vui²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/wai³⁵/
	Nanning	/wɐi³⁵/
	Hong Kong	/wai³⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/ui⁵³/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/uoi³²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/y²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/ui⁵³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ui²¹³/

Middle Chinese: 'jweX

Rime
Character	委
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	支 (14)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	於詭切
Baxter	'jweX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔˠiuᴇ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔʷᵚiɛ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiuɛ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔjwiə̆^X/
Li Rong	/ʔjue^X/
Wang Li	/ǐwe^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔwie̯^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wěi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wai²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*q(r)ojʔ/, /*q(r)orʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*qrolʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	委	委	委
Reading #	2/4	3/4	4/4
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wěi	wěi	wěi
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjwe^X ›	‹ ʔjwe^X ›	‹ ʔjwe^X ›
Old Chinese	/*q(r)ojʔ/	/*q(r)ojʔ/	/*q(r)orʔ/
English	entrust to	collect; store	bend; hang down
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	委
Reading #	2/2
No.	12903
Phonetic component
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*qrolʔ/

Definitions

委

to entrust; to appoint; to send; to commission
to cast aside
to gather; to pile up
indirect
lower reaches of a river
dejected
indeed
short for 委員／委员 (wěiyuán, “committee member”)
short for 委員會／委员会 (wěiyuánhuì, “committee”)
a surname

Compounds

中常委
主任委員 / 主任委员
主委 (zhǔwěi)
僑委會 / 侨委会
勞委會 / 劳委会 (láowěihuì)
原委 (yuánwěi)
受委屈
奉委
委付
委任 (wěirèn)
委任狀 / 委任状
委任直選 / 委任直选
委任立法
委任統治 / 委任统治
委內瑞拉 / 委内瑞拉 (Wěinèiruìlā)
委吏
委命
委咎
委員 / 委员 (wěiyuán)
委員制 / 委员制
委員會 / 委员会 (wěiyuánhuì)
委國 / 委国 (wěiguó)
委婉 (wěiwǎn)
委宛 (wěiwǎn)
委實 / 委实 (wěishí)
委屈
委巷
委曲 (wěiqū)
委曲成全
委曲求全 (wěiqūqiúquán)
委果
委棄 / 委弃
委決不下 / 委决不下
委派 (wěipài)
委瑣 / 委琐
委用 (wěiyòng)
委的 (wěide)
委禽
委積 / 委积
委結 / 委结
委罪
委託 / 委托 (wěituō)
委託書 / 委托书 (wěituōshū)
委託行 / 委托行
委質 / 委质 (wěizhì)
委身 (wěishēn)
委身玉盤 / 委身玉盘
委辦 / 委办
委過 / 委过 (wěiguò)
委重投艱 / 委重投艰
委靡
委靡不振
委頓 / 委顿
差委
常務委員 / 常务委员 (chángwù wěiyuán)
推委 (tuīwěi)
政務委員 / 政务委员
政委 (zhèngwěi)
斯文委地
櫃檯委託 / 柜台委托
深知原委
源委 (yuánwěi)
監察委員 / 监察委员
窮源竟委 / 穷源竟委
立委 (lìwěi)
立法委員 / 立法委员 (lìfǎ wěiyuán)
考試委員 / 考试委员
臺委 / 台委
黨委 / 党委 (dǎngwěi)

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wēi (wei¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄟ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wai¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wēi
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄟ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wei
  - Wade–Giles: wei¹
  - Yale: wēi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: uei
  - Palladius: вэй (vɛj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /weɪ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: wai¹
  - Yale: wāi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wai¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: wei¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐi̯⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: 'jwe

Rime
Character	委
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	支 (14)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	於爲切
Baxter	'jwe
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔˠiuᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔʷᵚiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiuɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔjwiə̆/
Li Rong	/ʔjue/
Wang Li	/ǐwe/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔwie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wēi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wai¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*q(r)oj/

(Zhengzhang): /*qrol/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	委
Reading #	1/4
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wēi
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjwe ›
Old Chinese	/*q(r)oj/
English	委蛇 compliant, complaisant
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	委
Reading #	1/2
No.	12901
Phonetic component
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	逶
Old Chinese	/*qrol/
Notes	小徐禾聲

Definitions

委

only used in 委蛇 (wēiyí, “winding; curved”)

Compounds

委蛇 (wēiyí)
虛與委蛇 / 虚与委蛇 (xūyǔwēiyí)

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 委 – see 諉 (“to shirk; to give excuses”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 諉).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 委 – see 萎 (“to wither; to wilt; to decline; to weaken; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 萎).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 4

For pronunciation and definitions of 委 – see 痿 (“to be lacking in sexual energies”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 痿).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Kanji

委

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

committee

Readings

Go-on: い (i, Jōyō)^{←ゐ (wi, historical)}
Kan-on: い (i, Jōyō)^{←ゐ (wi, historical)}
Kun: ゆだねる (yudaneru, 委ねる, Jōyō)、すえ (sue)、くわしい (kuwashii, 委しい)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
委
い Grade: 3
on'yomi

/wi/ → /i/

From Middle Chinese 委 (MC 'jwe|'jweX).

Affix

委(い) • (i) ^{←ゐ (wi)^?}

entrust; leave to
cast aside; abandon
detailed
short for 委員会 (iinkai, “committee”)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 委 (MC 'jweX).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	ᅙᅱᆼ〯 (Yale: qwǔy)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
Text	*Gloss (hun)*	Reading
Gwangju Cheonjamun, 1575	ᄇᆞ릴 (Yale: polil)	위 (Yale: wuy)
Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576	맛딜 (Yale: mastil) 더뎌 둘 (Yale: tetye-twul)	위 (Yale: wuy)
Seokbong Cheonjamun, 1583	ᄇᆞ릴 (Yale: polil)	위 (Yale: wuy)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ɥi] ~ [y]
Phonetic hangul: [위]

Hanja

Wikisource

委 (eumhun 맡길 위 (matgil wi))

hanja form^? of 위 (“to entrust; to commission”) [verbal root; affix]
hanja form^? of 위 (“short for 위원회(委員會) (wiwonhoe, “committee”)”) [noun]

Usage notes

(committee): A common convention in news headlines, this is almost always written solely in the hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any hanja.

Compounds

공위(共委) (gong'wi)
공정위(公正委) (gongjeong'wi)
대책위(對策委) (daechaegwi)
반민특위(反民特委) (banminteugwi)
방송위(放送委) (bangsong'wi)
부방위(腐防委) (bubang'wi)
상위(常委) (sang'wi)
선관위(選管委) (seon'gwanwi)
신위(信委) (sinwi)
위관(委官) (wigwan)
위신(委身) (wisin)
위양(委讓) (wiyang)
위원(委員) (wiwon)
위원장(委員長) (wiwonjang)
위원회(委員會) (wiwonhoe)
위위(委委) (wiwi)
위임(委任) (wiim)
위임인(委任人) (wiimin)
위임자(委任者) (wiimja)
위임장(委任狀) (wiimjang)
위임통치(委任統治) (wiimtongchi)
위정(委政) (wijeong)
위촉(委囑) (wichok)
위탁(委託) (witak)
전위(全委) (jeonwi)
지위(知委) (jiwi)
특위(特委) (teugwi)

Vietnamese

Han character

委: Hán Nôm readings: ủy/uỷ, uế

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