恬恬

Chinese

		quiet, calm, tranquil, peaceful	quiet, calm, tranquil, peaceful
trad. (恬恬)		恬	恬
simp. ^#(恬恬)		恬	恬
alternative forms		扂扂

Pronunciation

Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): tiâm-tiâm

(Hailu, HRS): diam^ˋ diam^ˋ
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tiām-tiām / tiǎm-tiǎm

(Teochew, Peng'im): diam⁷ diam⁷

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tiâm-tiâm
  - Hakka Romanization System: diam^ˊ diam^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: diam¹ diam¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ti̯am²⁴⁻¹¹ ti̯am²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: diam^ˋ diam^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /tiam⁵³ tiam⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiām-tiām
  - Tâi-lô: tiām-tiām
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diaxmdiam
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tiam²²⁻²¹ tiam²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tiam³³⁻¹¹ tiam³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiam³³⁻²¹ tiam³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiǎm-tiǎm
  - Tâi-lô: tiǎm-tiǎm
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiam²² tiam²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: diam⁷ diam⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tiām tiām
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiam¹¹ tiam¹¹/

Adverb

恬恬

(Hakka, Southern Min) silently; quietly
學生恬恬聽／学生恬恬听 [Hokkien] ― ha̍k-seng tiām-tiām thiaⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― The student quietly listens
- 恬恬在厝 [Teochew, trad. and simp.]
  From: 1841, William Dean, First Lessons in the Tie-chiw Dialect, “Words and Phrases”
  diêm⁷ diêm⁷ do⁶ cu³ [Peng'im]
  quietly remain at home
- 1998, “台北孤兒”, 伍佰 (lyrics)‎^[1]performed by 李宗盛 and 林強:
  
  只有靜靜在這參自己賭氣　那一天才有自己的地和天 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
  只有静静在这参自己赌气　那一天才有自己的地和天 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
  chí-ū tiām-tiām tī tsia chham ka-kī tó͘-khì, tó chi̍t kang tsiah ū ka-kī ê tē kah thiⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

See also

惦惦

References

Douglas, Carstairs (1873) “tiām”, in Chinese-English Dictionary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Amoy, With the Principal Variations of the Chang-chew and Chin-chew Dialects. (overall work in Hokkien and English), London: Trübner & Co., page 497; New Edition, With Corrections by the Author., Thomas Barclay, Lîm Iàn-sîn 林燕臣, London: Publishing Office of the Presbyterian Church of England, 1899, page 497
“恬恬”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.