文明史
Chinese
| civilization; civilized behaviour; manners | history | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (文明史) |
文明 | 史 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: wénmíngshǐ
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄣˊ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄕˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wúnmíngshǐh
- Wade–Giles: wên2-ming2-shih3
- Yale: wén-míng-shř
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wenmingshyy
- Palladius: вэньминши (vɛnʹminši)
- Sinological IPA (key): /wən³⁵ miŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: man4 ming4 si2
- Yale: màhn mìhng sí
- Cantonese Pinyin: man4 ming4 si2
- Guangdong Romanization: men4 ming4 xi2
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɐn²¹ mɪŋ²¹ siː³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Noun
文明史
- history of civilization
- 中國文明史／中国文明史 ― Zhōngguó wénmíngshǐ ― history of Chinese civilization
- 人類文明史／人类文明史 ― rénlèi wénmíngshǐ ― history of human civilization
- 階級鬥爭，一些階級勝利了，一些階級消滅了。這就是歷史，這就是幾千年的文明史。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 1949, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《丟掉幻想，準備鬥爭》 (Cast Away Illusions, Prepare for Struggle). English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition
- Jiējí dòuzhēng, yīxiē jiējí shènglì le, yīxiē jiējí xiāomiè le. Zhè jiù shì lìshǐ, zhè jiù shì jǐ qiān nián de wénmíngshǐ. [Pinyin]
- Classes struggle, some classes triumph, others are eliminated. Such is history, such is the history of civilization for thousands of years.
阶级斗争，一些阶级胜利了，一些阶级消灭了。这就是历史，这就是几千年的文明史。 [MSC, simp.]