湘

湘	U+6E58, 湘 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E58

← 湗
[U+6E57]

CJK Unified Ideographs

湙 →
[U+6E59]

Translingual

Han character

湘 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水木月山 (EDBU), four-corner 3610₀, composition ⿰氵相)

Derived characters

𩅪

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 637, character 11
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17842
Dae Jaweon: page 1044, character 9
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1670, character 4
Unihan data for U+6E58

Chinese

simp. and trad.		湘

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 湘
Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (相) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
相	slaŋ, slaŋs
廂	*slaŋ
湘	*slaŋ
緗	*slaŋ
箱	*slaŋ
葙	*slaŋ
想	*slaŋʔ
霜	*sraŋ
孀	*sraŋ
鸘	*sraŋ
驦	*sraŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *slaŋ): semantic 水 + phonetic 相 (OC *slaŋ, *slaŋs).

Etymology

“Short for Hunan”: Named after the Xiang River.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Xiāng (Xiang¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄤ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): soeng¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): lhiang¹
Gan (Wiktionary): xiong¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): Siông

(Hailu, HRS): siong^ˋ

(Meixian, Guangdong): xiong¹
Northern Min (KCR): Sióng
Eastern Min (BUC): Siŏng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): syorng¹ / syoeng¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): Siong / Siang

(Teochew, Peng'im): siang¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹shian
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sian¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Xiāng
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Siang
  - Wade–Giles: Hsiang¹
  - Yale: Syāng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shiang
  - Palladius: Сян (Sjan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: soeng¹
  - Yale: sēung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soeng¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sœːŋ⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lhiang¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬiaŋ³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: xiong¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiɔŋ⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Siông
  - Hakka Romanization System: xiong^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xiong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /si̯oŋ²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: siong^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /sioŋ⁵³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: xiong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: Sióng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siɔŋ⁵⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: Siŏng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /suoŋ⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: syorng¹
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sio̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬyɒŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: syoeng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬyøŋ⁵⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Siong
  - Tâi-lô: Siong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siofng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /siɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Siang
  - Tâi-lô: Siang
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siafng
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /siaŋ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: siang¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siaŋ³³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹shian
  - MiniDict: shian^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹xian
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕiã⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: sian¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /si̯æn³³/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /ɕi̯æn³³/

Middle Chinese: sjang

Rime
Character	湘
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	息良切
Baxter	sjang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/siɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/siɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/siaŋ/
Wang Li	/sĭaŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/si̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	soeng¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*slaŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	湘
Reading #	1/1
No.	13581
Phonetic component	相
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	襄
Old Chinese	/*slaŋ/

Definitions

湘

(～江, ～水) Xiang River, an affluent of Dongting Lake
short for 湖南 (Húnán, “Hunan, a province of China.”)
Xiang; Xiang Chinese
湘語／湘语 ― xiāngyǔ ― Xiang (variety of Chinese)

Compounds

湘口 (Xiāngkǒu)
湘君
湘夫人
湘妃
湘妃竹 (xiāngfēizhú)
湘娥
湘戲 / 湘戏
湘東 / 湘东 (Xiāngdōng)
湘江 (Xiāng Jiāng)
湘江竹
湘潭 (Xiāngtán)
湘竹 (xiāngzhú)
湘簾 / 湘帘
湘繡 / 湘绣
湘纍 / 湘累
湘蓮 / 湘莲 (xiānglián)
湘裙
湘語 / 湘语 (xiāngyǔ)
湘軍 / 湘军
湘鄉 / 湘乡 (Xiāngxiāng)
湘鄉派 / 湘乡派
湘靈 / 湘灵
瀟湘 / 潇湘 (Xiāoxiāng)
瀟湘八景 / 潇湘八景
瀟湘雨 / 潇湘雨
灕湘 / 漓湘

Japanese

Kanji

湘

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): しょう (shō)、そう (sō)
Kun: にる (niru)

Korean

Hanja

湘 (eumhun 강 이름 상 (gang ireum sang))

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Vietnamese

Han character

湘: Hán Nôm readings: tương

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