U+72D0, 狐
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72D0

[U+72CF]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+72D1]

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 94, 犬+5 in Chinese, 犬+6 in Japanese, 8 strokes in Chinese, 9 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 大竹竹女人 (KHHVO) or 大竹竹戈人 (KHHIO), four-corner 42230, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 708, character 29
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20333
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1121, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1340, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+72D0

Chinese

trad.
simp. #

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡʷaː): semantic (dog) + phonetic (OC *kʷraː).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gwa (fox). Cognate with Tibetan (wa, fox).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • hou5 - vernacular;
  • hu5 - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (33)
Final () (23)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter hu
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦuo/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦuo/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣo/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦɔ/
Li
Rong
/ɣo/
Wang
Li
/ɣu/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ɣuo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
wu4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ hu ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ɡ]ʷˁa/
English fox

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 4358
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡʷaː/

Definitions

  1. fox
  2. a surname

Synonyms

Compounds

  • 一狐之腋
  • 九尾狐 (jiǔwěihú)
  • 令狐
  • 兔死狐悲 (tùsǐhúbēi)
  • 兔跡狐蹤 / 兔迹狐踪
  • 北極狐 / 北极狐 (Běijíhú)
  • 城狐社鼠
  • 封狐
  • 打夜狐
  • 有狐
  • 沙狐 (shāhú)
  • 滿腹狐疑 / 满腹狐疑 (mǎnfùhúyí)
  • 火狐 (huǒhú)
  • 狐丘之誡 / 狐丘之诫
  • 狐仙 (húxiān)
  • 狐偃
  • 狐假虎威 (hújiǎhǔwēi)
  • 狐假鴟張 / 狐假鸱张
  • 狐兔之悲
  • 狐埋狐搰
  • 狐奔鼠竄 / 狐奔鼠窜
  • 狐媚 (húmèi)
  • 狐媚子
  • 狐媚猿攀
  • 狐媚魔道
  • 狐媚魘道 / 狐媚魇道
  • 狐惑 (húhuò)
  • 狐憑鼠伏 / 狐凭鼠伏
  • 狐朋狗友 (húpénggǒuyǒu)
  • 狐朋狗黨 / 狐朋狗党
  • 狐步舞
  • 狐死兔悲
  • 狐死兔泣
  • 狐死首丘
  • 狐潛鼠伏 / 狐潜鼠伏
  • 狐濡尾
  • 狐狸
  • 狐狸尾巴
  • 狐狸狗
  • 狐狸精 (húlijīng)
  • 狐猴 (húhóu)
  • 狐疑 (húyí)
  • 狐疑不決 / 狐疑不决
  • 狐疑未決 / 狐疑未决
  • 狐白
  • 狐群狗黨 / 狐群狗党 (húqún-gǒudǎng)
  • 狐臊 (húsāo)
  • 狐臭 (húchòu)
  • 狐藉虎威 / 狐借虎威 (hújièhǔwēi)
  • 狐虎之威
  • 狐裘羔袖
  • 狐裘蒙戎
  • 狐裘龍茸 / 狐裘龙茸
  • 狐迷
  • 狐騷 / 狐骚
  • 狐騷臭 / 狐骚臭
  • 狐魅
  • 狐鳴狗盜 / 狐鸣狗盗
  • 狐鳴魚書 / 狐鸣鱼书
  • 狗黨狐群 / 狗党狐群
  • 狐鼠之徒
  • 狼顧狐疑 / 狼顾狐疑
  • 玄狐
  • 玄狐蜂
  • 白狐 (báihú)
  • 社鼠城狐
  • 篝火狐鳴 / 篝火狐鸣
  • 老狐狸
  • 與狐謀皮 / 与狐谋皮 (yǔhúmóupí)
  • 花狸狐哨
  • 花麗狐哨 / 花丽狐哨
  • 董狐
  • 董狐筆 / 董狐笔
  • 虎威狐假
  • 赤狐 (chìhú)
  • 野狐涎
  • 野狐狸
  • 野狐禪 / 野狐禅 (yěhúchán)
  • 銀狐 / 银狐
  • 雄狐
  • 飛狐 / 飞狐
  • 鬼化狐
  • 鬼狐
  • 鬼狐猶 / 鬼狐犹
  • 鬼狐由

References

Japanese

Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

  • Go-on: (gu) (go)
  • Kan-on: (ko)
  • Kun: きつね (kitsune, )

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
きつね
Hyōgai
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.

There are various theories. The most likely is based on the root form kitsu, which may have originally been onomatopoeic for the sound of a fox's cry.[1] The final ne syllable appeared for certain by the Heian period,[2] but its meaning remains unclear.

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) つね [kìtsúné] (Heiban – [0])[3][4][5]
  • IPA(key): [kʲi̥t͡sɨne̞]
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

(きつね) or (キツネ) • (kitsune

  1. a fox
    Synonym: 稲荷 (inari)
    • 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki:
      狐狼 上扈反, 倭言岐都禰, 又狐諼獸鬼所乘有三徳, 狐疑不定也, 狼音良, 訓, 似犬也, 倭言大神也
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • (てい)()(ひく)いものは「()(たい)」と()ばれ、カメレオンなんぞにもできるが、「()(がく)」はオラたち()(がい)では、キツネ(いち)()のネコしか()につけておらん‼
      Teido no hikui mono wa “gitai” to yobare, kamereon nanzo ni mo dekiru ga,“bakegaku” wa ora-tachi igai de wa, kitsune to ichibu no neko shika mi ni tsuketeoran‼
      Those lesser kinds like chameleons can make use of “mimicry”, but beside us, only foxes and a few cats can master “metamorphism”!!

Usage notes

Synonyms

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ 1937: Daigenkai (in Japanese). Reissued in 1984. →ISBN
  2. ^ 1998: 『怪異・きつね百物語』 (Yōkai: Kitsune Hyaku Monogatari, “Phantoms: 100 Fox Tales”; in Japanese). Yoshihiko Sasama. →ISBN
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  5. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese (MC hu).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 ᅘᅩᆼ (Yale: hhwò)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 여ᅀᅳ (Yale: yèzù) (Yale: hwò)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Wikisource

(eumhun 여우 (yeou ho))

  1. hanja form? of (fox) [affix]

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]

Okinawan

Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

Etymology

Kanji in this term
ちちに
Hyōgai
kun'yomi

/*kitune//t͡ɕit͡sini//t͡ɕit͡ɕini/

Cognate with Japanese (kitsune).

Attested in the 沖縄語典 (Okinawa Goten, “Okinawan Dictionary”) as ちつィに.[1] The phonemes /t͡si/ and /t͡ɕi/ converged in Okinawan during the 20th century.

Noun

(ちちに) (chichiniちつィに (titwini)?

  1. fox

References

  1. ^ Nakamoto, Masayo (中本政世) (1896) 沖縄語典 [Documentation of the Language of Okinawa], Hikone (彦根市): Eishōdō (永昌堂), →DOI, page 30

Further reading

  • ちちに【狐】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: hồ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.