疫

疫	U+75AB, 疫 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-75AB

← 疪
[U+75AA]

CJK Unified Ideographs

疬 →
[U+75AC]

Translingual

Han character

疫 (Kangxi radical 104, 疒+4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 大竹弓水 (KHNE), four-corner 0014₇, composition ⿸疒殳)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 770, character 18
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22069
Dae Jaweon: page 1180, character 18
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2663, character 8
Unihan data for U+75AB

Chinese

simp. and trad.		疫
alternative forms		𤶣𤴥

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 疫
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (役) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
椺	ɦmluːʔ, ɢʷeːɡs, *ɢeːɡ
役	*ɢʷeɡ
疫	*ɢʷeɡ
垼	*ɢʷeɡ
炈	*ɢʷeɡ
鈠	*ɢʷeɡ
豛	*ɢʷeɡ
坄	doː, leɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɢʷeɡ): semantic 疒 (“sickness”) + abbreviated phonetic 役 (OC *ɢʷeɡ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): yì (yi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄧˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yuo²
Cantonese (Jyutping): jik⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): yi̍t

(Hailu, HRS): rhid^ˋ

(Meixian, Guangdong): yid⁶
Jin (Wiktionary): ieh⁴
Northern Min (KCR): ĭ
Eastern Min (BUC): ĭk
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): yh⁷ / ih⁷ / oeh⁷
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ia̍h / e̍k / ia̍k

(Teochew, Peng'im): mog⁸ / êg⁸

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): muag⁸ / bhig⁴
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁸yoq; ⁸yuq / ⁸yuq
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): y⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yì
  - Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yì
  - Wade–Giles: i⁴
  - Yale: yì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
  - Palladius: и (i)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: yuo²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: iuo
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yo²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: jik⁶
  - Yale: yihk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jik⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yig⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɪk̚²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: id
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yid⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /it̚⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)id
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yid⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)it̚⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: rhid^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /ʒit²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: yid⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /it̚⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ieh⁴
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /iəʔ²/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ĭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i²⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ĭk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iʔ⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou, Youyang, Nanri)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: yh⁷
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ṳ̍h
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yʔ⁴/
- (Nanri, Fengting)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ih⁷
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iʔ⁴/
- (Jiangkou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: oeh⁷
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /œʔ⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ia̍h
  - Tâi-lô: ia̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iah
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iaʔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iaʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iaʔ¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: e̍k
  - Tâi-lô: i̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ek
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iɪk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɪk̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ia̍k
  - Tâi-lô: ia̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iak
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iak̚²⁴/

Note:

ia̍h - vernacular;
e̍k/ia̍k - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: mog⁸ / êg⁸
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mo̍k / e̍k
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /mok̚⁴/, /ek̚⁴/

Note: mog8 - vernacular (俗).

- (Leizhou)
  - Leizhou Pinyin: muag⁸ / bhig⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /muak̚²/, /bik̚⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁸yoq; ⁸yuq
  - MiniDict: yoh^入; yuih^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵hhioq; ⁵hhyq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦioʔ¹²/, /ɦyɪʔ¹²/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁸yuq
  - MiniDict: yuih^入
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ɦyəʔ²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: y⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /y²⁴/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 疫
Mandarin	Beijing	/i⁵¹/
	Harbin	/i⁵³/
	Tianjin	/i⁵³/
	Jinan	/i²¹/
	Qingdao	/i⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/i⁴²/
	Xi'an	/i²⁴/
	Xining	/ji²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/i¹³/
	Lanzhou	/i⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/i²¹³/
	Wuhan	/y²¹³/
	Chengdu	/yo³¹/
	Guiyang	/iu²¹/
	Kunming	/i³¹/
	Nanjing	/ʐuʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/yəʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/iəʔ²/
	Pingyao	/yʌʔ⁵³/
	Hohhot	/i⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦioʔ¹/ /ɦyɪʔ¹/
	Suzhou	/ɦyəʔ³/
	Hangzhou	/ɦioʔ²/
	Wenzhou	/jy²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/yʔ²¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/y⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/y²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/y²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian	/it̚⁵/
Hakka	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jek̚²/
	Nanning	/jek̚²²/
	Hong Kong	/jik̚²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/ik̚⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/iʔ⁵/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/i²⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/mok̚⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/muak̚³/

Middle Chinese: ywek

Rime
Character	疫
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	昔 (124)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	營隻切
Baxter	ywek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jwiᴇk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/jʷiɛk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/iuæk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jwiajk̚/
Li Rong	/iuɛk̚/
Wang Li	/jĭwɛk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯wɛk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wik⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢʷek/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷeɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	疫
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yì
Middle Chinese	‹ ywek ›
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷek/
English	epidemic
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	疫
Reading #	1/1
No.	15007
Phonetic component	役
Rime group	錫
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	役
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷeɡ/

Definitions

疫

epidemic; plague; pestilence

Compounds

人工免疫
免疫 (miǎnyì)
免疫作用
免疫力 (miǎnyìlì)
免疫系統 / 免疫系统 (miǎnyì xìtǒng)
免疫血清 (miǎnyì xuèqīng)
動物檢疫 / 动物检疫
口服疫苗
口蹄疫 (kǒutíyì)
基礎免疫 / 基础免疫
天然免疫
抗疫 (kàngyì)
時疫 / 时疫 (shíyì)
晚疫病
染疫 (rǎnyì)
檢疫 / 检疫 (jiǎnyì)
沙克疫苗
沙賓疫苗 / 沙宾疫苗
活性疫苗
海港檢疫 / 海港检疫
混合疫苗
畜疫
疫區 / 疫区 (yìqū)
疫氣 / 疫气 (yìqì)
疫病 (yìbìng)
疫癘 / 疫疠 (yìlì)
疫苗 (yìmiáo)
疫鬼 (yìguǐ)
瘟疫 (wēnyì)
瘴疫
白喉疫苗
自然免疫
虎疫
被動免疫 / 被动免疫
防疫 (fángyì)
霍亂疫區 / 霍乱疫区
驗疫 / 验疫
鼠疫 (shǔyì)

References

“疫”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

疫

(Jōyō kanji)

epidemic

Readings

Go-on: やく (yaku, Jōyō ^†)
Kan-on: えき (eki, Jōyō)
Kun: え (e, 疫)、えやみ (eyami, 疫)

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

疫 • (yeok) (hangeul 역, revised yeok, McCune–Reischauer yŏk, Yale yek)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

疫: Hán Nôm readings: dịch

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.