錫

See also: 锡

錫	U+932B, 錫 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-932B

← 錪
[U+932A]

CJK Unified Ideographs

錬 →
[U+932C]

Translingual

Han character

錫 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+8, 16 strokes, cangjie input 金日心竹 (CAPH), four-corner 8612₇, composition ⿰釒易)

Derived characters

𡃶

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1312, character 5
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40573
Dae Jaweon: page 1813, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4219, character 3
Unihan data for U+932B

Chinese

trad.		錫
simp.		锡
2nd round simp.		钖
alternative forms		鍚／钖㒪

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 錫
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (易) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
賜	*sleːɡs
儩	*sleɡs
舓	*ɦljeʔ
易	leːɡs, leɡ
敡	*leɡs
鬄	*sljeɡ
睗	*hljeɡ
晹	*hljeɡ
痬	*leɡ
蜴	*leɡ
埸	*leɡ
逷	*l̥ʰeːɡ
剔	*l̥ʰeːɡ
踢	*tʰeːɡ
惕	*l̥ʰeːɡ
錫	*sleːɡ
裼	*sleːɡ
緆	*sleːɡ

Etymology 1

Chemical element
Sn
Previous: *銦／铟 (yīn) (In)*
Next: 銻／锑 (tī) (Sb)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xī, xí

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ, ㄒㄧˊ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sek³ / sek⁶ / sik³ / sik¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): lhiak¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): siak / sit

(Hailu, HRS): siag / sid

(Meixian, Guangdong): xiag⁵
Jin (Wiktionary): xieh⁴
Eastern Min (BUC): sék
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sia⁶ / sah⁶ / sih⁶
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): siah / siak / sek

(Teochew, Peng'im): siah⁴
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷shiq
Xiang (Hengyang, Wiktionary): xi⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xī
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: si
  - Wade–Giles: hsi¹
  - Yale: syī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi
  - Palladius: си (si)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xí
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sí
  - Wade–Giles: hsi²
  - Yale: syí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyi
  - Palladius: си (si)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: sek³ / sek⁶ / sik³ / sik¹
  - Yale: sek / sehk / sik / sīk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sek⁸ / sek⁹ / sik⁸ / sik⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: ség³ / ség⁶ / xig³ / xig¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛːk̚³/, /sɛːk̚²/, /sɪk̚³/, /sɪk̚⁵/

Note:

sek3, sek6 - vernacular;
sik3, sik1 - literary (rare).

(Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: lhiak¹
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬiak̚³³/

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siak / sit
  - Hakka Romanization System: xiag^ˋ / xid^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xiag⁵ / xid⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /si̯ak̚²/, /sit̚²/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: siag / sid
  - Sinological IPA: /siak⁵/, /sit⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: xiag⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕiak̚¹/

Note:

siak/siag - vernacular;
sit/sid - literary (in 無錫／无锡).

Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: xieh⁴
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕiəʔ²/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sék
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛiʔ²⁴/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: sia⁶
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: siā
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬia¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: sia⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬia²¹/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: sah⁶
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sah
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬaʔ²¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: sah⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬaʔ²/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: sih⁶
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sih
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬiʔ²¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: sih⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬiʔ²/

Note:

sia5 - vernacular;
sah6 - vernacular (limited, e.g. 錫杖);
sih6 - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siah
  - Tâi-lô: siah
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siaq
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /siaʔ³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /siaʔ⁵/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siak
  - Tâi-lô: siak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /siak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek
  - Tâi-lô: sik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: seg
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /siɪk̚³²/

Note:

siah - vernacular;
siak/sek - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: siah⁴
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siah
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /siaʔ²/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁷shiq
  - MiniDict: shih^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴xiq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕiɪʔ⁵⁵/
Xiang
- (Hengyang)
  - Wiktionary: xi⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi²²/

Middle Chinese: sek

Rime
Character	錫
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	錫 (127)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	先擊切
Baxter	sek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sek̚/
Pan Wuyun	/sek̚/
Shao Rongfen	/sɛk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɛjk̚/
Li Rong	/sek̚/
Wang Li	/siek̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/siek̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sik¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s.lˤek/

(Zhengzhang): /*sleːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	錫
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xī
Middle Chinese	‹ sek ›
Old Chinese	/*s.lˁek/
English	tin
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	錫
Reading #	1/1
No.	15042
Phonetic component	易
Rime group
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*sleːɡ/

Definitions

錫

tin
short for 無錫／无锡 (Wúxī, “Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province”)
a surname
Used in transcription.
萊比錫／莱比锡 ― Láibǐxī ― Leipzig

錫金／锡金 ― Xījīn ― Sikkim

錫蘭／锡兰 ― Xīlán ― Ceylon

麥卡錫／麦卡锡 ― Màikǎxī ― McCarthy

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 錫 (“tin”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		錫
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		錫
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	錫, 錫鑞
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	錫
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	錫
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	錫, 白鐵
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	錫
Southwestern Mandarin	Wuhan	錫
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	錫
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	錫
Cantonese	Guangzhou	錫
	Hong Kong	錫
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	錫
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	錫
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	錫
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	錫
	Macau	錫
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	錫
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	錫
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	錫
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	錫
	Foshan	錫
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	錫
	Foshan (Shunde)	錫
	Foshan (Sanshui)	錫
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	錫
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	錫
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	錫
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	錫
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	錫
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	錫
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	錫
	Taishan	錫
	Kaiping (Chikan)	錫
	Enping (Niujiang)	錫
	Heshan (Yayao)	錫
	Dongguan	錫
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	錫
	Yangjiang	錫
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	錫
Gan	Nanchang	錫
Hakka	Meixian	錫
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	錫
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	錫
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	錫
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	錫
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	錫
	Hong Kong	錫
	Senai (Huiyang)	錫
Jin	Taiyuan	錫
Northern Min	Jian'ou	錫
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	錫
Southern Min	Xiamen	錫
	Chaozhou	錫
	Bangkok (Teochew)	錫
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	錫
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	錫
Wu	Suzhou	錫
Wu	Wenzhou	錫
Xiang	Changsha	錫
	Shuangfeng	錫
	Hengyang	錫

Compounds

來比錫 / 来比锡 (Láibǐxī)
歹銅舊錫 / 歹铜旧锡 (pháiⁿ-tâng-kū-siah) (Min Nan)
焊錫 / 焊锡
無錫 / 无锡 (Wúxī)
萊比錫 / 莱比锡 (Láibǐxī)
邁錫尼城 / 迈锡尼城
銲錫 / 焊锡 (“solder”)
錫人 / 锡人 (xīrén)
錫伯族 / 锡伯族 (xībózú)
錫克教 / 锡克教 (xīkèjiào)
錫匠 / 锡匠 (xījiàng)
錫器 / 锡器 (xīqì)
錫奴 / 锡奴
錫婚 / 锡婚 (“tin wedding anniversary”)
錫安 / 锡安 (Xī'ān)
錫安主義 / 锡安主义 (Xī'ān-zhǔyì)
錫杖 / 锡杖 (xīzhàng)
錫林郭勒 / 锡林郭勒 (xīlínguōlè)
錫焊 / 锡焊
錫石 / 锡石 (xīshí)
錫礦 / 锡矿 (xīkuàng)
錫礦山 / 锡矿山
錫箔 / 锡箔 (xībó)
錫箔紙 / 锡箔纸
錫紙 / 锡纸 (xīzhǐ)
錫蘭 / 锡兰 (Xīlán, “Ceylon (Sri Lanka)”)
錫衣 / 锡衣
錫金 / 锡金 (Xījīn, “Sikkim”)
錫鑞 / 锡镴
鍍錫鐵 / 镀锡铁
飛錫 / 飞锡

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xī, xí

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ, ㄒㄧˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xī
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: si
  - Wade–Giles: hsi¹
  - Yale: syī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi
  - Palladius: си (si)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xí
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sí
  - Wade–Giles: hsi²
  - Yale: syí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyi
  - Palladius: си (si)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi³⁵/

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s-lˤek/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	錫
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xī
Middle Chinese	‹ sek ›
Old Chinese	/*s-lˁek/
English	give
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions

錫

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 賜 / 赐 (“to bestow; to confer”)
- 孝子不匱，永錫爾類。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  孝子不匮，永锡尔类。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Xiàozǐ bù kuì, yǒng xī ěr lèi. [Pinyin]
  For such filial piety, without ceasing,
  There will ever be conferred blessing on you.

Compounds

九錫 / 九锡
寵錫 / 宠锡
永錫不匱 / 永锡不匮
錫命 / 锡命
錫賚 / 锡赉

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Cantonese (Jyutping): sek³

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: sek³
  - Yale: sek
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sek⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: ség³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛːk̚³/

Definitions

錫

(Cantonese) alternative form of 惜 (sek3, “to cherish; to kiss”)

Compounds

愛錫 / 爱锡
攬攬錫錫 / 揽揽锡锡
錫嘴 / 锡嘴
錫身 / 锡身
錫錫 / 锡锡
鏡錫 / 镜锡

Japanese

Kanji

錫

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Chemical element
Sn
Previous: インジウム (injiumu) (In)
Next: アンチモン (anchimon) (Sb)

tin

Readings

Go-on: しゃく (shaku)
Kan-on: せき (seki)
Kun: すず (suzu, 錫)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
錫
すず Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) すず [súꜜzù] (Atamadaka – [1])
IPA^(key): [sɨzɨ]

Noun

錫(すず) or 錫(スズ) • (suzu)

tin

Derived terms

錫石(すずいし) (suzuishi): cassiterite
錫色(すずいろ) (suzuiro)
錫婚式(すずこんしき) (suzukonshiki): tin anniversary
錫師(すずし) (suzushi)
錫箔(すずはく) (suzuhaku): tinfoil
錫(すず)ペスト (suzupesuto): tin pest
塩化錫(えんかすず) (enkasuzu)
砂錫(さすず) (sasuzu)
トリフェニル錫(すず) (torifenirusuzu)
有機錫(ゆうきすず) (yūkisuzu)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
錫
しゃく Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しゃく [sháꜜkù] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɕa̠kɯ̟]

Noun

錫(しゃく) • (shaku)

tin
short for 錫杖 (shakujō, “a monk's sounding staff”)

Derived terms

錫紵(しゃくじょ) (shakujo), 錫紵(しゃくちょ) (shakucho)
錫杖(しゃくじょう) (shakujō), 錫杖(さくじょう) (sakujō): khakkhara; Buddhist monk's "sounding staff"
錫僧(しゃくそう) (shakusō)
錫(しゃく)を飛(と)ばす (shaku o tobasu)
挂錫(かしゃく) (kashaku), 掛錫(かしゃく) (kashaku)
挂錫(けしゃく) (keshaku), 掛錫(けしゃく) (keshaku)
巡錫(じゅんしゃく) (junshaku)
駐錫(ちゅうしゃく) (chūshaku)
天錫(てんしゃく) (tenshaku)
飛錫(ひしゃく) (hishaku)
無錫(むしゃく) (Mushaku): Wuxi
野錫(やしゃく) (yashaku)
流錫(りゅうしゃく) (ryūshaku)
留錫(りゅうしゃく) (ryūshaku)
硫錫鉱(りゅうしゃくこう) (ryūshakukō)

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

錫 • (seok) (hangeul 석, revised seok, McCune–Reischauer sŏk, Yale sek)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

錫: Hán Nôm readings: thiếc, tích, xích

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]