白馬

Chinese

		white; empty; blank white; empty; blank; bright; clear; plain; pure; gratuitous	horse; surname
trad. (白馬)		白	馬
simp. (白马)		白	马

Etymology

“Kep (in Cambodia)”: From the Khmer name កែប (kaep, literally “saddle”).
“Whitehorse”: Calque of English Whitehorse.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): báimǎ

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄞˊ ㄇㄚˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): baak⁶ maa⁵
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pha̍k-mâ
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pe̍h-bé / pe̍eh-bée

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: báimǎ
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄞˊ ㄇㄚˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: báimǎ
  - Wade–Giles: pai²-ma³
  - Yale: bái-mǎ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bairmaa
  - Palladius: байма (bajma)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /paɪ̯³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: baak⁶ maa⁵
  - Yale: baahk máh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: baak⁹ maa⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: bag⁶ ma⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /paːk̚² maː¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pha̍k-mâ
  - Hakka Romanization System: pag ma^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: pag⁶ ma¹
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰak̚⁵ ma²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pe̍h-bé
  - Tâi-lô: pe̍h-bé
  - Phofsit Daibuun: peqbea
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pe(ʔ)²⁴⁻² be⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ be⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ be⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pe(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ be⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pe̍eh-bée
  - Tâi-lô: pe̍eh-bée
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ bɛ⁵³/

Middle Chinese: baek maeX

Rime
Character	白	馬
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	陌 (113)	麻 (98)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	II
Fanqie	傍陌切	莫下切
Baxter	baek	maeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bˠæk̚/	/mˠa^X/
Pan Wuyun	/bᵚak̚/	/mᵚa^X/
Shao Rongfen	/bak̚/	/ma^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/baɨjk̚/	/maɨ^X/
Li Rong	/bɐk̚/	/ma^X/
Wang Li	/bɐk̚/	/ma^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱɐk̚/	/ma^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bó	mǎ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bak⁶	maa⁵

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*bˤrak mˤraʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*braːɡ mraːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	白	馬
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bái	mǎ
Middle Chinese	‹ bæk ›	‹ mæ^X ›
Old Chinese	/*bˁrak/	/*mˁraʔ/
English	white	horse
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	白	馬
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	207	8715
Phonetic component	白	馬
Rime group	鐸	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	白	馬
Old Chinese	/*braːɡ/	/*mraːʔ/

Noun

白馬

white horse
(historical) sacrificial song in ancient China
(～人, ～族) Baima people (subgroup of Tibetans)

Derived terms

白馬井 / 白马井 (Báimǎjǐng)
白馬寺 / 白马寺 (Báimǎsì)
白馬將軍 / 白马将军
白馬歸周 / 白马归周
白馬津 / 白马津
白馬王 / 白马王
白馬王子 / 白马王子 (báimǎ wángzǐ)
白馬語 / 白马语 (báimǎyǔ)
白馬非馬說 / 白马非马说
素車白馬 / 素车白马

Proper noun

白馬

(～省) Kep (a province of Cambodia)
(～市) Kep (the provincial capital of Kep Province, Cambodia)
(～市) Whitehorse (a city in Yukon, Canada)
(～鎮) Baima (a town in Lishui district, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China)
(～鎮) Baima (a town in Gaogang district, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China)
(～鎮) Baima (a town in Pujiang, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China)
(～鎮) Baima (a town in Dancheng, Zhoukou, Henan, China)
(～鎮) Baima (a town in Lianyuan, Loudi, Hunan, China)
(～鎮) Baima (a town in Beiliu, Yulin, Guangxi autonomous region, China)
(～鎮) Baima (a town in Wulong district, Chongqing, China)
(～鎮) Baima (a town in Miyi, Panzhihua, Sichuan, China)
(～鎮) Baima (a town in Anju district, Suining, Sichuan, China)
(～鎮) Baima (a town in Shizhong district, Neijiang, Sichuan, China)
(～鎮) Baima (a town in Shizhong district, Leshan, Sichuan, China)
(～鎮) Baima (a town in Dongpo district, Meishan, Sichuan, China)
(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Baima (a town in Xuanhan, Dazhou, Sichuan, China, formerly a township)
(～鄉) Baima (a township in Yixian, Baoding, Hebei, China)
(～鄉) Baima (a township in the Guang'an District, Guang'an, Sichuan, China)
(～鄉) Baima (a township in Xichang, Liangshan prefecture, Sichuan, China)
(～鄉) Baima (a township in Huachi, Qingyang, Gansu, China)
(～鄉) Baima (a township in Zhongning, Zhongwei, Ningxia autonomous region, China)
(～村) Baima (a village in Chengbei, Yingcheng, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)
(～雪山) Baima Snow Mountain (a mountain in Yunnan, China)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
白	馬

Proper noun

白馬

chữ Hán form of Bạch Mã