村

See also: 材, 付, and 邨
村 U+6751, 村
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6751
← 材
[U+6750] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 杒 →
[U+6752]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

村 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 木木戈 (DDI), four-corner 44900, composition ⿰木寸)

Derived characters

  • 𠴘, 𦛻, 𦀹, 𬂨, 𬗽, 𨴺, 𢚳, 𭌴, 𭿴, 𮥳

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 511, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14464
  • Dae Jaweon: page 896, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1158, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+6751

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 村
alternative forms 邨

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 村
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (寸) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
村 *sʰuːn
忖 *sʰuːnʔ
刌 *sʰuːnʔ
寸 *sʰuːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰuːn): semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 寸 (OC *sʰuːns).

Origin unclear. Seems a late graph, not in Shuowen dictionary of ca.100AD. Ogawa treats it as variant of CO graph 杶 "lacquer tree" which was used phonetically in the sense of "village" in place of another graph for "village", 邨, which may be taken provisionally as 阝 "settlement, village", and 屯 "accumulate, stay" as semantic and phonetic.[1]

Pronunciation

Note:
  • chhun - literary;
  • chhoan/chhng - vernacular.
Rime
Character 村
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 清 (14)
Final (韻) 魂 (55)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 此尊切
Baxter tshwon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡sʰuən/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡sʰuon/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡sʰuən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡sʰwən/
Li
Rong 		/t͡sʰuən/
Wang
Li 		/t͡sʰuən/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡sʰuən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		cūn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		cyun1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 村
Reading # 1/1
No. 1910
Phonetic
component 		寸
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*sʰuːn/

Definitions

村

  1. village; hamlet (Classifier: 條／条 c)
    農村／农村  ―  nóngcūn  ―  rural area, village, countryside
    鄉村／乡村  ―  xiāngcūn  ―  rural area, village, countryside
  2. (especially Hong Kong) housing estate
    Alternative form: (more common) 邨
  3. (attributive) rustic; boorish; uncouth; vulgar
  4. (Beijing Mandarin) to scold (clarification of this definition is needed)
  5. rural village (an administrative unit in the Republic of China)

See also

Compounds

References

  1. ^ Henshall, Kenneth G; Seeley, Christopher（2016）The Complete Guide to Japanese Kanji →ISBN

Japanese

Kanji

村

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

  • Go-on: そん (son, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: そん (son, Jōyō)
  • Kun: むら (mura, 村, Jōyō)
  • Nanori: すえ (sue)、つね (tsune)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
村
むら
Grade: 1
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
𨛗 (rare)

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *mura.

Either formed from the nominalization of 群れる (mureru, “to gather”), or from Old Korean.[1][2] In Old Korean toponyms, this appears with the phonetic spelling 牟羅 (*mura). Compare Korean 무리 (muri, “group, crowd”), also possibly cognate with 群れる (mureru, “to gather”).

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) むら [mùráꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
  • IPA(key): [mɯ̟ɾa̠]

Noun

村(むら) • (mura) 

  1. village (a rural habitation of size between a hamlet and a town)
    • 2015 September 19, “竜(りゅう)角(かく)の狩(しゅ)猟(りょう)者(しゃ) [Dragon Horn Hunter]”, in EXTRA PACK 2015, Konami:
      疫(えき)病(びょう)に苦(くる)しむ故(こ)郷(きょう)の村(むら)を救(すく)うため、霊(れい)薬(やく)の原(げん)料(りょう)となるドラゴンの角(つの)を乱(らん)獲(かく)する女(おんな)戦(せん)士(し)。その村(むら)はすでに、棲(す)み処(か)を追(お)われたドラゴンたちによって踏(ふ)み荒(あ)らされ、焼(や)き尽(つ)くされてしまった事(こと)を、彼(かの)女(じょ)はまだ知(し)らない・・・。
      Ekibyō ni kurushimu kokyō no mura o sukū tame, reiyaku no genryō to naru doragon no tsuno o rankakusuru onnasenshi. Sono mura wa sude ni, sumika o owareta doragon-tachi ni yotte fumiarasare, yakitsukusarete shimatta koto o, kanojo wa mada shiranai .
      A female warrior who was on the hunt for dragon horns, to make a medicine for her home village, which was suffering from a plague. Unbeknownst to her, those displaced dragons went on to lay waste and burn down her village….
Synonyms
  • (village; historical, Korea): 村(スキ) (suki)
Derived terms
See also
  • 里(さと) (sato)
  • Appendix:Gikun Usage in Meiji Version of Japanese Bible/群

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
村
そん
Grade: 1
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 村 (MC tshwon).

Pronunciation

Affix

村(そん) • (son) 

  1. village
  2. local administrative division
Derived terms
  • 村(そん)翁(おう) (son'ō)
  • 村(そん)会(かい) (sonkai)
  • 村(そん)学(がく) (songaku)
  • 村(そん)学(がっ)究(きゅう) (songakkyū)
  • 村(そん)議(ぎ)会(かい) (songikai)
  • 村(そん)社(しゃ) (sonsha)
  • 村(そん)酒(しゅ) (sonshu)
  • 村(そん)儒(じゅ) (sonju)
  • 村(そん)醸(じょう) (sonjō)
  • 村(そん)人(じん) (sonjin)
  • 村(そん)税(ぜい) (sonzei)
  • 村(そん)設(せつ) (sonsetsu)
  • 村(そん)叟(そう) (sonsō)
  • 村(そん)俗(ぞく) (sonzoku)
  • 村(そん)長(ちょう) (sonchō)
  • 村(そん)童(どう) (sondō)
  • 村(そん)費(ぴ) (sonpi)
  • 村(そん)婦(ぷ) (sonpu)
  • 村(そん)夫(ぷう) (sonpū)
  • 村(そん)夫(ぷう)子(し) (sonpūshi)
  • 村(そん)法(ぽう) (sonpō)
  • 村(そん)民(みん) (sonmin)
  • 村(そん)名(めい) (sonmei)
  • 村(そん)有(ゆう) (son'yū)
  • 村(そん)邑(ゆう) (son'yū)
  • 村(そん)落(らく) (sonraku)
  • 村(そん)吏(り) (sonri)
  • 村(そん)閭(りょ) (sonryo)
  • 村(そん)老(ろう) (sonrō)
  • 村(そん)醪(ろう) (sonrō)
  • 一(いっ)村(そん) (isson)
  • 遠(えん)村(そん) (enson)
  • 塊(かい)村(そん) (kaison)
  • 街(がい)村(そん) (gaison)
  • 寒(かん)村(そん) (kanson)
  • 漁(ぎょ)村(そん) (gyoson)
  • 行(ぎょう)政(せい)村(そん) (gyōsei-son)
  • 近(きん)村(そん) (kinson)
  • 郡(ぐん)村(そん) (gunson)
  • 郊(こう)村(そん) (kōson)
  • 郷(ごう)村(そん) (gōson)
  • 山(さん)村(そん) (sanson)
  • 散(さん)村(そん) (sanson)
  • 自(じ)村(そん) (jison)
  • 全(ぜん)村(そん) (zenson)
  • 他(た)村(そん) (tason)
  • 町(ちょう)村(そん) (chōson)
  • 農(のう)村(そん) (nōson)
  • 廃(はい)村(そん) (haison)
  • 貧(ひん)村(そん) (hinson)
  • 分(ぶん)村(そん) (bunson)
  • 弊(へい)村(そん) (heison)
  • 僻(へき)村(そん) (hekison)
  • 母(ぼ)村(そん) (boson)
  • 離(り)村(そん) (rison)

References

  1. ^ “村”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. ^ “村”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months

Korean

Hanja

村 (eumhun 마을 촌 (ma'eul chon))

  1. hanja form? of 촌 (“village”)

Kunigami

Kanji

村

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *mura, from Proto-Japonic *mura. Cognate with Japanese 村 (mura).

Pronunciation

  • ム​ラー
  • IPA(key): /muɾaː/

Noun

村(むらー) (murā) 

  1. village
    村見欲せん。
    murā mī-busen.
    I want to see the village.

References

  • Nakasone, Seizen (仲宗根政善) (1983) 沖縄今帰仁方言辞典 [Okinawa Nakijin Dialect Dictionary], Tokyo (東京都): Kadokawa Shōten (角川商店), page 559

Old Japanese

Etymology 1

Unknown. One theory suggests a contraction of 在処 (ari-ka, “whereabouts”), derived from 有り (ari, “to exist”). Might be related to 石村 (Ipare), possibly from 岩 (ipa, “rock”) + 村 (are).[1]

Noun

村 (*are) (kana あれ)

  1. a village
    • 720, Nihon Shoki, Emperor Jimmu, pre-accession, c. 670 BCE:
      遂使二邑有君・村有レ長・各自分レ疆用相凌躒ー。
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Derived terms

Etymology 2

No phonographic attestations exist. This reading is glossed to 村邑 in the Atsuda manuscript of the Nihon Shoki.

According to one theory, possibly borrowed from some dialect of Old Korean.[2] Compare Goguryeo 忽 (*xol, *kol, *kolo, *koro, “fortress”).

Noun

村 (*pure) (kana ふれ)

  1. a village
    • 720, Nihon Shoki, Emperor Keitai, eighth year of reign (c. 515 CE), third month in spring:
      駈-略レ子-女、剥-掠レ村-邑。
      [Banpa] took [items] from the children, and stole from the village.

Etymology 3

Possibly derived from Old Korean 須祇 (*suki).[3]

Noun

村 (suki1) (kana スキ)

  1. (in ancient Korean contexts) a village
    • 720, Nihon Shoki, Empress Jingū, forty-ninth year of reign (c. 250 CE), third month in spring:
      百濟王父子及荒田別・木羅斤資等、共會下意流村【今云二州流須祇一】上、相見欣感、厚禮二送遣之一。
      The father-and-son kings of Baekje met both Aredawakë and Mongnakunja (Mokurakonsi) at Uiryu-sugi (Oru-suki) [now called Churyu-sugi (Turu-suki)]; [both sides were] glad to see each other, and exchanged heartfelt thanks as they were sent off.
Descendants
  • Japanese: 村主 (sukuri, suguri)

See also

References

  1. ^ “あれ 【村】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[3] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
  2. ^ “ふれ 【村】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[4] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
  3. ^ “村”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[5] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

Vietnamese

Han character

村: Hán Nôm readings: thôn, thon, thun, chon, chôn, thuôn, thuốn, xóm

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Derived terms

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