皺

See also: 皱

皺	U+76BA, 皺 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-76BA

← 皹
[U+76B9]

CJK Unified Ideographs

皻 →
[U+76BB]

Translingual

Han character

皺 (Kangxi radical 107, 皮+10, 15 strokes, cangjie input 心山木竹水 (PUDHE), four-corner 2444₇, composition ⿰芻皮)

Derived characters

𥶈

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 791, character 46
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22899
Dae Jaweon: page 1207, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2757, character 17
Unihan data for U+76BA

Chinese

trad.		皺
simp.		皱
alternative forms		𤿿𤿥𩌄𩋓𩊥

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (芻) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
煼	*sʰroːʔ
謅	sʰroːʔ, ʔsru, *sʰru
縐	sʰroːs, ʔsrus
鄒	*ʔsru
騶	*ʔsru
搊	ʔsruʔ, sʰru, *ʔsro
皺	*ʔsrus
篘	*sʰru
㑳	zrus, ʔsro, *rnuːb
趍	sʰlo, l'al
趨	*sʰlo
芻	*sʰro
犓	*sʰro
雛	*zro
鶵	*zro
媰	*zro
齺	*zroːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔsrus): phonetic 芻 (OC *sʰro) + semantic 皮.

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zhòu (zhou⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄡˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zong⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zau³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): zeu¹
Eastern Min (BUC): cáiu
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chò͘ / chò / liâu / jiâu / ngiàu

(Teochew, Peng'im): niou³ / niao³ / zou³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhòu
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄡˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhòu
  - Wade–Giles: chou⁴
  - Yale: jòu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jow
  - Palladius: чжоу (čžou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: zong⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zung
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡soŋ²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zau³
  - Yale: jau
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzau³
  - Guangdong Romanization: zeo³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐu̯³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: zeu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡seu³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cáiu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑu²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chò͘
  - Tâi-lô: tsòo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zox
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔ²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chò
  - Tâi-lô: tsò
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zoix
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡so⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liâu
  - Tâi-lô: liâu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liaau
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /liau²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiâu
  - Tâi-lô: jiâu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jiaau
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ziau¹³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ziau²³/
- (Hokkien: Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngiàu
  - Tâi-lô: ngiàu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ngiaux
  - IPA (Singapore): /ŋiau²¹/

Note:

chò͘/chò - literary;
liâu/jiâu - vernacular (semantic).

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: niou³ / niao³ / zou³
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: niòu / niàu / tsòu
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /niou²¹³/, /niau²¹³/, /t͡sou²¹³/

Note:

niou3 - vernacular (Chaozhou);
niao3 - vernacular (Shantou, Jieyang, Chaoyang);
zou3 - literary.

Middle Chinese: tsrjuwH

Rime
Character	皺
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	莊 (18)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	側救切
Baxter	tsrjuwH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃɨu^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂiu^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃiəu^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂuw^H/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃiu^H/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃĭəu^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂi̯ə̯u^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhòu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zau³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤro-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ʔsrus/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	皺
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhòu
Middle Chinese	‹ tsrjuw^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ˁro-s/
English	wrinkles
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	皺
Reading #	1/1
No.	1597
Phonetic component	芻
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*ʔsrus/

Definitions

皺

wrinkle; crease; fold
皺褶／皱褶 ― zhòuzhě ― fold; crease; wrinkle

皺紋／皱纹 ― zhòuwén ― wrinkle
to wrinkle; to crease
皺眉／皱眉 ― zhòuméi ― to frown; to knit one's brows; to scowl

Synonyms

(Cantonese) 巢 (caau4)

Compounds

弄皺 / 弄皱 (nòngzhòu)
慚皺 / 惭皱
掐鼻皺眉 / 掐鼻皱眉
皺巴巴 / 皱巴巴 (zhòubābā)
皺彆 / 皱别
皺摺 / 皱折
皺眉 / 皱眉 (zhòuméi)
皺眉蹙眼 / 皱眉蹙眼
皺紋 / 皱纹 (zhòuwén)
皺胃 / 皱胃 (zhòuwèi)
皺褶 / 皱褶 (zhòuzhě)
皺襞 / 皱襞 (zhòubì)
窊皺 / 窊皱
褶皺 / 褶皱 (zhězhòu)
褶皺帶 / 褶皱带
起皺 / 起皱 (qǐzhòu)

References

“皺”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 皺 – see 巢 (“wrinkly”). (This character is a variant form of 巢).

Japanese

Kanji

皺

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

Go-on: しゅ (shu)
Kan-on: すう (sū)
Kan’yō-on: しゅう (shū)
Kun: さび (sabi, 皺)、しぼ (shibo, 皺)、しわ (shiwa, 皺)

Compounds

皺曲(しゅうきょく) (shūkyoku)
皺襞(しゅうへき) (shūheki)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
皺
さび Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Origins unclear. Possibly related to 錆 (sabi, “rust, oxidation”), from the way the surface of something changes.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [sa̠bʲi]

Noun

皺(さび) • (sabi)

a pattern of cracks and wrinkles on the surface of an 烏帽子 (eboshi, “traditional Japanese formal black hat”) formed as the black lacquer dries

Derived terms

大皺(おおさび) (ōsabi)
小皺(こさび) (kosabi)
皺烏帽子(さびえぼし) (sabi eboshi)
柳皺(やなぎさび) (yanagisabi)
横皺(よこさび) (yokosabi)
横皺(よこさび)の烏帽子(えぼし) (yokosabi no eboshi)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
皺
しぼ Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Probably from stem shiwo of classical verb shiworu, modern shioru (萎る, 撓る: “to make something loosen, to make something wither and wrinkle”). Probably cognate with shiwa below.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しぼ [shíꜜbò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɕibo̞]

Noun

皺(しぼ) • (shibo)

a pattern of cracks and wrinkles on the surface of an 烏帽子 (eboshi, “traditional Japanese formal black hat”) formed as the black lacquer dries
a pattern of puckers and bulges in a cloth, caused by the warp and woof of the material
a similar pattern of puckers and bulges formed on the surface of paper or leather

Derived terms

皺紙(しぼがみ) (shibogami)
皺丸太(しぼまるた) (shibomaruta)
竹皺(たけしぼ) (takeshibo)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
皺
しわ Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
皴

Probably from stem shiwa of verb shiwaru (撓る: “to sag, as something elastic that has lost its bounce”). Probably cognate with shibo above.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しわ [shìwá] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ɕiβ̞a̠]

Noun

皺(しわ) or 皺(シワ) • (shiwa)

wrinkles in skin, paper, cloth, or some other surface
ripples on the surface of water
a pattern of cracks and wrinkles on the surface of an 烏帽子 (eboshi, “traditional Japanese formal black hat”) formed as the black lacquer dries

Derived terms

雄陽皺(おひじわ) (ohijiwa)
小皺(こじわ) (kojiwa)
皺紙(しわがみ) (shiwagami)
皺(しわ)くちゃ (shiwakucha)
皺皺(しわしわ) (shiwashiwa)
皺伸(しわの)ばし (shiwanobashi)
皺腹(しわばら) (shiwabara)
皺(しわ)ぶ (shiwabu)
皺(しわ)む (shiwamu)
皺(しわ)める (shiwameru)
皺寄(しわよ)せ (shiwayose)
畳(たた)み皺(じわ) (tatamijiwa)
縦皺(たてじわ) (tatejiwa)
縮緬皺(ちりめんじわ) (chirimenjiwa)
防皺(ぼうしわ) (bōshiwa)
防皺加工(ぼうしわかこう) (bōshiwa kakō)
雌陽皺(めひじわ) (mehijiwa)
笑(わら)い皺(じわ) (waraijiwa)

Idioms

皺伸(しわの)ぶ (shiwa nobu), 皺(しわ)が伸(の)びる (shiwa ga nobiru): “one's wrinkles slacken” → to become light-hearted in old age
皺(しわ)を伸(の)ばす (shiwa o nobasu): “to slacken one's wrinkles” → to relax, to take a breather, to let it all hang out; to smooth out wrinkles, such as by ironing

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

皺 • (chu) (hangeul 추, revised chu, McCune–Reischauer ch'u, Yale chwu)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

皺: Hán Nôm readings: trứu, nhíu, sô

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[DJR-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[1]

[2]