碭

See also: 砀

碭	U+78AD, 碭 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-78AD

← 碬
[U+78AC]

CJK Unified Ideographs

碮 →
[U+78AE]

Translingual

Han character

碭 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 一口日一竹 (MRAMH), four-corner 1662₇, composition ⿰石昜)

Derived characters

𭄓, 𦿆

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 833, character 17
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24342
Dae Jaweon: page 1250, character 7
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2443, character 2
Unihan data for U+78AD

Chinese

trad.		碭
simp.		砀

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (昜) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
湯	l̥ʰaːŋ, l̥ʰaːŋs, *hljaŋ
踼	l̥ʰaːŋ, l̥ʰaːŋʔ, l'aːŋ, l'aːŋs
蝪	*l̥ʰaːŋ
薚	*l̥ʰaːŋ
簜	l̥ʰaːŋ, l'aːŋʔ
盪	l̥ʰaːŋ, l̥ʰaːŋs, *l'aːŋʔ
偒	*l̥ʰaːŋʔ
蕩	l̥ʰaːŋs, l'aːŋʔ
燙	*l̥ʰaːŋs
啺	*l'aːŋ
碭	l'aːŋ, l'aːŋs
婸	*l'aːŋʔ
愓	*l'aːŋʔ
璗	*l'aːŋʔ
崵	l'aːŋʔ, laŋ
逿	*l'aːŋs
暢	*l̥ʰaŋs
畼	*l̥ʰaŋs
腸	*l'aŋ
場	*l'aŋ
傷	hljaŋ, hljaŋs
殤	*hljaŋ
觴	*hljaŋ
慯	hljaŋ, hljaŋs
禓	hljaŋ, laŋ
塲	*hljaŋ
陽	*laŋ
楊	*laŋ
揚	*laŋ
瘍	*laŋ
煬	laŋ, laŋs
鍚	*laŋ
暘	*laŋ
颺	laŋ, laŋs
昜	*laŋ
輰	*laŋ
敭	*laŋ
鰑	*laŋ
諹	laŋ, laŋs
瑒	laŋ, rlaːŋʔ
鸉	*laŋ
餳	*ljaːŋ

Etymology

Possibly related to 玉 (OC *ŋoɡ, “jade”); see there for more (STEDT).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dàng (dang⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄤˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): dong⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thn̄g / tōng / tǒng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dàng
  - Wade–Giles: tang⁴
  - Yale: dàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: danq
  - Palladius: дан (dan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɑŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: dong⁶
  - Yale: dohng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dong⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: dong⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔːŋ²²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thn̄g
  - Tâi-lô: thn̄g
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tng
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tʰŋ̍³³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰŋ̍⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰŋ̍²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tōng
  - Tâi-lô: tōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dong
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tɔŋ²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tǒng
  - Tâi-lô: tǒng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔŋ²²/

Middle Chinese: dang, dangH

Rime
Character	碭	碭
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	徒郎切	徒浪切
Baxter	dang	dangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑŋ/	/dɑŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑŋ/	/dɑŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑŋ/	/dɑŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/daŋ/	/daŋ^H/
Li Rong	/dɑŋ/	/dɑŋ^H/
Wang Li	/dɑŋ/	/dɑŋ^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/dʱɑŋ/	/dʱɑŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	táng	dàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tong⁴	dong⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤaŋ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*l'aːŋ/, /*l'aːŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	碭
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dàng
Middle Chinese	‹ dang^H ›
Old Chinese	/*lˁaŋ-s/
English	veined stone
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	碭	碭
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	14565	14574
Phonetic component	昜	昜
Rime group	陽	陽
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	唐	宕
Old Chinese	/*l'aːŋ/	/*l'aːŋs/

Definitions

碭

(literary) brilliantly colored stone with veined patterns in it
(literary) to overflow; to rush into; to burst into
(literary) vast; expansive

Compounds

碭突 / 砀突
芒碭 / 芒砀 (Mángdàng)

Japanese

Kanji

碭

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): とう (tō)、どう (dō)
Kun: いし (ishi)

Korean

Hanja

碭 • (tang) (hangeul 탕, revised tang, McCune–Reischauer t'ang, Yale thang)

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Vietnamese

Han character

碭: Hán Nôm readings: nãng

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