祼

See also: 裸

祼	U+797C, 祼 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-797C

← 祻
[U+797B]

CJK Unified Ideographs

祽 →
[U+797D]

Translingual

Han character

祼 (Kangxi radical 113, 示+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 戈火田木 (IFWD), four-corner 3629₄, composition ⿰礻果)

sacrificial ceremony of pouring water to irrigate a field
to pour out a libation

Derived characters

𫲁

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 844, character 4
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24738
Dae Jaweon: page 1264, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2402, character 3
Unihan data for U+797C

Chinese

simp. and trad.		祼

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 祼
Shang
Oracle bone script

Characters in the same phonetic series (果) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
裸	*ɡ·roːlʔ
躶	*ɡ·roːlʔ
果	*kloːlʔ
菓	*kloːlʔ
猓	*kloːlʔ
輠	kloːlʔ, ɡloːlʔ, ɡroːlʔ, kʰluːls
裹	kloːlʔ, kloːls
蜾	*kloːlʔ
惈	*kloːlʔ
粿	*kloːlʔ
窠	*kʰloːl
稞	kʰloːl, ɡroːlʔ
課	kʰloːl, kʰloːls
髁	kʰloːl, kʰloːls, *kʰroːlʔ
棵	kʰloːl, kʰloːnʔ, *ɡloːnʔ
顆	*kʰloːlʔ
堁	kʰloːlʔ, kʰloːls, *kloːns
敤	kʰloːlʔ, kʰloːls
夥	qʰloːlʔ, ɡloːlʔ, *ɡroːlʔ
婐	qloːlʔ, kroːl
踝	*ɡroːlʔ
祼	*ɡluːlʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡluːlʔ): semantic 示 (“altar; sacrifice; deity”) + phonetic 果 (OC *kloːlʔ). In early writing, the form was more readily seen as ideogrammic (會意 / 会意), showing components resembling 酉 (“libation container”) or 畐 (“libation container”) variously combined with radicals depicting the hand.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): guàn (guan⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gun³
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): guang⁴ / guong⁴
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): koàn

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: guàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: guàn
  - Wade–Giles: kuan⁴
  - Yale: gwàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guann
  - Palladius: гуань (guanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯än⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: gun³
  - Yale: gun
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gun³
  - Guangdong Romanization: gun³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuːn³³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: guang⁴
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gua̍ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuaŋ⁴²/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: guong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuoŋ⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koàn
  - Tâi-lô: kuàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koaxn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kuan⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kuan²¹/

Middle Chinese: kwanH

Rime
Character	祼
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古玩切
Baxter	kwanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuɑn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷɑn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɑn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwan^H/
Li Rong	/kuɑn^H/
Wang Li	/kuɑn^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kuɑn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gun³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤor(ʔ)-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡluːlʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	祼
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	guàn
Middle Chinese	‹ kwan^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ˁor(ʔ)-s/
English	pour out libation
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	祼
Reading #	1/1
No.	4799
Phonetic component	果
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	貫
Old Chinese	/*ɡluːlʔ/

Definitions

祼

(historical, religion) to pour libation; to libate

References

“祼”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “祼”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 81.

Japanese

Kanji

祼

(Hyōgai kanji)

libation

Readings

On (unclassified): かん (kan)
Kun: まつり (matsuri)

Korean

Hanja

祼 (eum 관 (gwan))

sacrificial ceremony of pouring water to irrigate the field