裹

裹	U+88F9, 裹 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-88F9

← 裸
[U+88F8]

CJK Unified Ideographs

裺 →
[U+88FA]

See also: 綶 and 裏

Translingual

Han character

裹 (Kangxi radical 145, 衣+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 卜田木女 (YWDV), four-corner 0073₂, composition ⿴衣果 or ⿳亠果𧘇)

Derived characters

𦆪

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1119, character 12
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34372
Dae Jaweon: page 1585, character 29
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3096, character 3
Unihan data for U+88F9

Chinese

trad.		裹
simp. ^#		裹
2nd round simp.		果

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (果) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
裸	*ɡ·roːlʔ
躶	*ɡ·roːlʔ
果	*kloːlʔ
菓	*kloːlʔ
猓	*kloːlʔ
輠	kloːlʔ, ɡloːlʔ, ɡroːlʔ, kʰluːls
裹	kloːlʔ, kloːls
蜾	*kloːlʔ
惈	*kloːlʔ
粿	*kloːlʔ
窠	*kʰloːl
稞	kʰloːl, ɡroːlʔ
課	kʰloːl, kʰloːls
髁	kʰloːl, kʰloːls, *kʰroːlʔ
棵	kʰloːl, kʰloːnʔ, *ɡloːnʔ
顆	*kʰloːlʔ
堁	kʰloːlʔ, kʰloːls, *kloːns
敤	kʰloːlʔ, kʰloːls
夥	qʰloːlʔ, ɡloːlʔ, *ɡroːlʔ
婐	qloːlʔ, kroːl
踝	*ɡroːlʔ
祼	*ɡluːlʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kloːlʔ, *kloːls): semantic 衣 (“clothes”) + phonetic 果 (OC *kloːlʔ).

Etymology 1

Compare with Tibetan སྐོར (skor, “to encircle; to surround; to go around”) (Hill, 2014).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): guǒ (guo³)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄛˇ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): go³
Cantonese (Jyutping): gwo²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kó
Jin (Wiktionary): gue²
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kó͘ / kó

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: guǒ
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄛˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: guǒ
  - Wade–Giles: kuo³
  - Yale: gwǒ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guoo
  - Palladius: го (go)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯ɔ²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: go³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: go
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ko⁵³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: gwo²
  - Yale: gwó
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gwo²
  - Guangdong Romanization: guo²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷɔː³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kó
  - Hakka Romanization System: go^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: go³
  - Sinological IPA: /ko³¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: gue²
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /kuɤ⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kó͘
  - Tâi-lô: kóo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kor
  - IPA (Taipei): /kɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kó
  - Tâi-lô: kó
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koir
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ko⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɤ⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: kwaX, kwaH

Rime
Character	裹	裹
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	古火切	古卧切
Baxter	kwaX	kwaH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuɑ^X/	/kuɑ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kuɑ^X/	/kuɑ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɑ^X/	/kuɑ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwa^X/	/kwa^H/
Li Rong	/kuɑ^X/	/kuɑ^H/
Wang Li	/kuɑ^X/	/kuɑ^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kuɑ^X/	/kuɑ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guǒ	guò
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwo²	gwo³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s.[k]ˤo[r]ʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*kloːlʔ/, /*kloːls/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	裹
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	guǒ
Middle Chinese	‹ kwa^X ›
Old Chinese	/*s.[k]ˁo[r]ʔ/
English	to wrap
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	裹	裹
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	4771	4775
Phonetic component	果	果
Rime group	歌	歌
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	果
Old Chinese	/*kloːlʔ/	/*kloːls/

Definitions

裹

Synonyms

(to wrap):

包
包紮 / 包扎
包裹 (bāoguǒ)
拍結毬 / 拍结球 (Min Nan)
捆紮
結紮 / 结扎
綁 / 绑 (bǎng)
綁紮 / 绑扎
經纏 / 经缠 (Min Nan)
縛 / 缚 (Hokkien, Teochew)
纏綁 / 缠绑 (chánbǎng)
纏繞 / 缠绕 (chánrào)

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “to wrap”):

解開 / 解开 (jiěkāi)

Compounds

Descendants

→ Vietnamese: gói (Beaudouin, Baxter, & Sagart, 2021)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kauh

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Jinjiang, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kauh
  - Tâi-lô: kauh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kauq
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kauʔ³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /kauʔ⁵/

Definitions

裹

(Hokkien) alternative form of 𩛩 / 𩠃 (“to wrap up”)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kauh

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kauh
  - Tâi-lô: kauh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kauq
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou): /kauʔ³²/

Definitions

裹

(Hokkien) alternative form of 軋 / 轧 (“to crush; to run over; to roll flat (of or by a car)”)

Japanese

Kanji

裹

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

On (unclassified): か (ka)
Kun: つつむ (tsutsumu, 裹む)、つつみ (tsutsumi, 裹み)、たから (takara, 裹)、くぐつ (kugutsu, 裹)

Korean

Hanja

裹 (eum 과 (gwa))

wrap, bind
encircle, confine

Vietnamese

Han character

裹: Hán Nôm readings: khõa/khoã

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