訖

See also: 讫

訖	U+8A16, 訖 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8A16

← 訕
[U+8A15]

CJK Unified Ideographs

託 →
[U+8A17]

Translingual

Han character

訖 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+3, 10 strokes, cangjie input 卜口人弓 (YRON), four-corner 0861₇, composition ⿰訁乞)

Derived characters

𤍋

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1148, character 12
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35242
Dae Jaweon: page 1615, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3941, character 9
Unihan data for U+8A16

Chinese

trad.		訖
simp.		讫

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (乞) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
乞	kʰɯds, kʰɯd
盵	*kʰɯds
齕	ɡɯːd, ɡuːd
紇	ɡɯːd, ɡuːd
籺	*ɡɯːd
圪	ŋrɯd, ŋɯd
訖	*kɯd
吃	*kɯd
扢	kɯd, kuːd, *ɡuːd
疙	*ŋɯd
屹	*ŋɯd
仡	ŋɯd, hŋɯd
迄	*hŋɯd
釳	*hŋɯd
忔	*hŋɯd
汔	*hŋɯd
矻	*kʰuːd
麧	*ɡuːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kɯd): semantic 言 + phonetic 乞 (OC *kʰɯds, *kʰɯd).

Etymology

See 暨 (jì) for etymology.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qì (qi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ngat⁶ / gat¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): gut / git / gert / kit

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qì
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cì
  - Wade–Giles: chʻi⁴
  - Yale: chì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chih
  - Palladius: ци (ci)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: ngat⁶ / gat¹
  - Yale: ngaht / gāt
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ngat⁹ / gat⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: nged⁶ / ged¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɐt̚²/, /kɐt̚⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gut
  - Tâi-lô: gut
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gud
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɡut̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡut̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Zhao'an, Jinjiang, Tong'an, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: git
  - Tâi-lô: git
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gid
  - IPA (Zhangzhou, Tong'an, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɡit̚³²/
  - IPA (Jinjiang): /ɡit̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Yongchun, Nan'an, Hui'an)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gert
  - Tâi-lô: gert
  - IPA (Hui'an): /ɡət̚⁴/
  - IPA (Yongchun): /ɡət̚³²/
  - IPA (Nan'an): /ɡət̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kit
  - Tâi-lô: kit
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kid
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kit̚³²/

Note:

Xiamen:
- gut - popular (俗);
- kit - literary.

Middle Chinese: kj+t

Rime
Character	訖
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	迄 (58)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居乙切
Baxter	kj+t
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kɨt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kiət̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɨt̚/
Li Rong	/kiət̚/
Wang Li	/kĭət̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ki̯ət̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ji
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gat¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰə[t]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*kɯd/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	訖
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qì
Middle Chinese	‹ xjɨj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*qʰə[t]-s/
English	finish; rest
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	訖
Reading #	1/1
No.	10079
Phonetic component	乞
Rime group	物
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*kɯd/

Definitions

訖

to bring to an end; to complete; to finish; to conclude
證訖／证讫 ― zhèngqì ― Q.E.D.
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) finally; at last
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) all

Compounds

了訖 / 了讫
付訖 / 付讫
兩訖 / 两讫 (liǎngqì)
收訖 / 收讫 (shōuqì)
訖了 / 讫了
訖糴 / 讫籴
證訖 / 证讫 (zhèngqì)
起訖 / 起讫
銀貨兩訖 / 银货两讫 (yínhuòliǎngqì)
驗訖 / 验讫 (yànqì)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (訖):

→ Japanese: 訖(きつ) (kitsu)
→ Korean: 흘(訖) (heul)

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03793
“訖”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

訖

(Hyōgai kanji)

come to an end
reach
arrive at
finally

Readings

On (unclassified): きつ (kitsu)
Kun: おわる (owaru)

Korean

Hanja

訖 • (heul) (hangeul 흘, revised heul, McCune–Reischauer hŭl, Yale hul)

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