乞
|
Translingual
Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
Han character
乞 (Kangxi radical 5, 乙+2, 3 strokes, cangjie input 人弓 (ON), four-corner 80717, composition ⿱𠂉乙)
Derived characters
- 仡, 𠖯, 吃, 圪, 屹, 忔, 扢, 汔, 犵, 阣, 㫓, 杚, 肐, 盵, 矻, 䇄, 籺, 紇(纥), 䎢, 虼, 訖(讫), 趷, 𨊰(䢀), 釳(𨰿), 䩐, 䬣, 𩠓, 亁, 𠄃, 𠄄, 䰴, 麧, 齕(龁), 𠄊, 𠄋
- 迄, 䞘, 𬼲, 刉, 𠠶, 𬼠, 㩿, 𣢆, 𧆦, 𩑔, 𩾥, 𠓟, 𪨣, 䒗, 𭆀, 𭙐, 疙, 𢭖, 𢖴, 䦍, 𩰌, 𩛪, 𠀸
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 84, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 170
- Dae Jaweon: page 170, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 50, character 7
- Unihan data for U+4E5E
Chinese
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Variant of 气 (OC *kʰɯds), distinguished to indicate a phonetically borrowed meaning “to beg”.
The top component of the character is unrelated to 旅, 伤, 复, 每 as well as 人.
Pronunciation 1
simp. and trad. |
乞 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 气 𠧒 |
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): qit6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khiet / khié / khiat
- Jin (Wiktionary): qieh4
- Northern Min (KCR): kĭ
- Eastern Min (BUC): ké̤ṳk
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 7chiq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): qi6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: qǐ
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cǐ
- Wade–Giles: chʻi3
- Yale: chǐ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chii
- Palladius: ци (ci)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: qi2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ki
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: hat1
- Yale: hāt
- Cantonese Pinyin: hat7
- Guangdong Romanization: hed1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɐt̚⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: hat2
- Sinological IPA (key): /hat̚⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiet / khié
- Hakka Romanization System: kiedˋ / kieˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiad5 / kie3
- Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯et̚²/, /kʰi̯e³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiat
- Hakka Romanization System: kiadˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiad5
- Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯at̚²/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: kĭ
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰi²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khit
- Tâi-lô: khit
- Phofsit Daibuun: qid
- IPA (Xiamen): /kʰit̚³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰit̚⁵/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰit̚³²/
- IPA (Taipei): /kʰit̚³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰit̚³²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: keg4 / kêg4 / kig4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khṳk / khek / khik
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɯk̚²/, /kʰek̚²/, /kʰik̚²/
- (Hokkien)
Note:
- keg4 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai, Raoping;
- kêg4 - Jieyang;
- kig4 - Chaoyang, Puning, Huilai.
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: khj+t
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.qʰət/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kʰɯd/
Definitions
乞
Compounds
- 乞丐 (qǐgài)
- 乞乞縮縮 / 乞乞缩缩
- 乞人 (qǐrén)
- 乞人憎
- 乞伏
- 乞休
- 乞假 (qǐjià)
- 乞免
- 乞兒 / 乞儿 (qǐ'ér)
- 乞力馬扎羅山 / 乞力马扎罗山
- 乞化
- 乞命
- 乞哀告憐 / 乞哀告怜 (qǐ'āigàolián)
- 乞嗤
- 乞婆 (qǐpó)
- 乞巧 (qǐqiǎo)
- 乞師 / 乞师 (qǐshī)
- 乞憐 / 乞怜 (qǐlián)
- 乞憐搖尾 / 乞怜摇尾
- 乞懇 / 乞恳
- 乞拉朋吉
- 乞援
- 乞期
- 乞求 (qǐqiú)
- 乞活
- 乞漿得酒 / 乞浆得酒
- 乞火
- 乞留乞良
- 乞留惡濫 / 乞留恶滥
- 乞留曲律
- 乞留玎琅
- 乞盟
- 乞窮儉相 / 乞穷俭相
- 乞糖
- 乞討 / 乞讨 (qǐtǎo)
- 乞請 / 乞请
- 乞貸 / 乞贷
- 乞身
- 乞鄰 / 乞邻
- 乞閒 / 乞闲 (qǐxián)
- 乞降 (qǐxiáng)
- 乞靈 / 乞灵
- 乞鞠
- 乞頭 / 乞头
- 乞食 (qǐshí)
- 乞食飯牛 / 乞食饭牛
- 乞養 / 乞养
- 乞骸
- 乞骸骨 (qǐ háigǔ)
- 伏乞
- 千乞
- 向火乞兒 / 向火乞儿
- 容乞
- 寒乞
- 搖尾乞憐 / 摇尾乞怜 (yáowěi qǐlián)
- 啟乞 / 启乞
- 死乞白賴 / 死乞白赖 (sǐqibáilài)
- 求乞 (qiúqǐ)
- 窮腮乞臉 / 穷腮乞脸
- 行乞 (xíngqǐ)
- 討乞 / 讨乞 (tǎoqǐ)
Pronunciation 2
simp. and trad. |
乞 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 气 𠧒 去 Hokkien |
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): hei3
- Eastern Min (BUC): ké̤ṳk
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: qì
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cì
- Wade–Giles: chʻi4
- Yale: chì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chih
- Palladius: ци (ci)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: hei3
- Yale: hei
- Cantonese Pinyin: hei3
- Guangdong Romanization: héi3
- Sinological IPA (key): /hei̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Eastern Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khit
- Tâi-lô: khit
- Phofsit Daibuun: qid
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰit̚³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰit̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khì
- Tâi-lô: khì
- Phofsit Daibuun: qix
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰi²¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: keh4 / kêh4 / kih4 / koih4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khṳh / kheh / khih / khoih
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɯʔ²/, /kʰeʔ²/, /kʰiʔ²/, /kʰoiʔ²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
Note:
- kêh4 - Jieyang;
- kih4 - Chaoyang.
- Middle Chinese: khj+jH
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*kʰɯds/
Definitions
乞
- (obsolete or Eastern Min, Teochew) to give
- (Eastern Min; Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien, Teochew) by
- (Eastern Min; Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien, Teochew) to undergo (Used before a verb to indicate passive voice.)
- 杯仔乞偷去 [Hokkien] ― poe-á khit thau khì [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― the cup has been stolen
- (Teochew) to let; to allow
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 給 (“to give”) [map]
Dialectal synonyms of 被 (“by”) [map]
References
- “乞”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00041
Japanese
Kanji
乞
Readings
- Go-on: こち (kochi)
- Kan-on: きつ (kitsu)
- Kan’yō-on: こつ (kotsu)
- Kun: こう (kou, 乞う, Jōyō)←こふ (kofu, 乞ふ, historical)、こい (koi, 乞い)←こひ (kofi, 乞ひ, historical)
- Nanori: ただし (tadashi)
(to give):
Compounds
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 乞 (MC khj+t).
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 크ᇙ〮 (Yale: khúlq) | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] | 빌〯 (Yale: pǐl) | 걸〮 (Yale: kél) |
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kʌ̹ɭ]
- Phonetic hangul: [걸]
Hanja
Compounds
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]
Vietnamese
Han character
乞: Hán Nôm readings: khất, khắt, gật, khật
Verb
乞
- chữ Hán form of khất (“to delay, especially when it comes to paycheck”)