貧寒
See also: 贫寒
Chinese
| poor | cold; poor; to tremble | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (貧寒) | 貧 | 寒 | |
| simp. (贫寒) | 贫 | 寒 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): pan4 hon4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phìn-hòn
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pîn-hân
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: pínhán
- Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄣˊ ㄏㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: pínhán
- Wade–Giles: pʻin2-han2
- Yale: pín-hán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pynharn
- Palladius: пиньхань (pinʹxanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰin³⁵ xän³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: pan4 hon4
- Yale: pàhn hòhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: pan4 hon4
- Guangdong Romanization: pen4 hon4
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɐn²¹ hɔːn²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phìn-hòn
- Hakka Romanization System: pinˇ honˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: pin2 hon2
- Sinological IPA: /pʰin¹¹ hon¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pîn-hân
- Tâi-lô: pîn-hân
- Phofsit Daibuun: pinhaan
- IPA (Xiamen): /pin²⁴⁻²² han²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /pin²⁴⁻²² han²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /pin¹³⁻²² han¹³/
- IPA (Taipei): /pin²⁴⁻¹¹ han²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /pin²³⁻³³ han²³/
- (Hokkien)
Adjective
貧寒
Synonyms
- 厄 (literary, or in compounds)
- 困乏 (kùnfá) (formal)
- 困窘 (kùnjiǒng)
- 困窮 / 困穷 (kùnqióng)
- 困苦 (kùnkǔ)
- 困難 / 困难
- 困頓 / 困顿 (kùndùn)
- 宋凶 (Hokkien)
- 散 (Hokkien)
- 散凶 (Hokkien)
- 散赤 (Hokkien)
- 清苦 (qīngkǔ) (especially of scholars and intellectuals)
- 淡薄 (dànbó) (literary)
- 清貧 / 清贫 (qīngpín) (especially of scholars and intellectuals)
- 㾪赤 (Hokkien)
- 磽 / 硗 (Teochew)
- 䆀康 (Hokkien)
- 空乏 (kòngfá) (literary)
- 窄
- 窘促 (jiǒngcù) (literary)
- 窘困 (jiǒngkùn)
- 窘迫 (jiǒngpò)
- 窮 / 穷 (qióng)
- 窮乏 / 穷乏 (qióngfá) (literary)
- 窮困 / 穷困 (qióngkùn)
- 窮㾪 / 穷㾪 (Hokkien)
- 窮苦 / 穷苦 (qióngkǔ)
- 窮赤 / 穷赤 (Hokkien)
- 艱苦 / 艰苦 (Hokkien)
- 苦寒 (kǔhán)
- 貧乏 / 贫乏 (pínfá)
- 貧困 / 贫困 (pínkùn)
- 貧瘠 / 贫瘠 (pínjí) (literary)
- 貧窮 / 贫穷 (pínqióng)
- 貧苦 / 贫苦 (pínkǔ)
Derived terms
- 家道貧寒 / 家道贫寒
- 貧寒出身 / 贫寒出身