See also:
U+8CA7, 貧
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8CA7

[U+8CA6]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+8CA8]

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 154, 貝+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 金尸竹金 (CSHC), four-corner 80806, composition )

Derived characters

  • 𢠈, 𰔢, 𰘝, 𪨄, 𰧝, 𪷪, 𨉺, 𰷕, 𬥮, 𧹅, 𬥣, 𫎤, 𬥯, 𬥬, 𧷨

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1205, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36677
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1667, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3628, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+8CA7

Chinese

trad.
simp.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *brɯn): phonetic (OC *pɯn, *bɯns, divide) + semantic (money) – to divide one's money.

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-b(u/i)l (poor); cognate with Tibetan དབུལ (dbul, poor) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007; Hill, 2014).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • Quanzhou:
    • pîn - literary;
    • pân - vernacular.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /pʰin³⁵/
Harbin /pʰin²⁴/
Tianjin /pʰin⁴⁵/
Jinan /pʰiẽ⁴²/
Qingdao /pʰiə̃⁴²/
Zhengzhou /pʰin⁴²/
Xi'an /pʰiẽ²⁴/
Xining /pʰiə̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /pʰiŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /pʰĩn⁵³/
Ürümqi /pʰiŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /pʰin²¹³/
Chengdu /pʰin³¹/
Guiyang /pʰin²¹/
Kunming /pʰĩ³¹/
Nanjing /pʰin²⁴/
Hefei /pʰin⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /pʰiəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /pʰiŋ¹³/
Hohhot /pʰĩŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /biŋ²³/
Suzhou /bin¹³/
Hangzhou /bin²¹³/
Wenzhou /beŋ³¹/
Hui Shexian /pʰiʌ̃⁴⁴/
Tunxi /pʰin⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /pin¹³/
Xiangtan /bin¹²/
Gan Nanchang /pʰin⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /pʰin¹¹/
Taoyuan /pʰin¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /pʰɐn²¹/
Nanning /pʰɐn²¹/
Hong Kong /pʰɐn²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /pin³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /piŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /peiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /pʰiŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /fin³¹/
/kiaŋ³¹/ 訓窮

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (3)
Final () (44)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter bin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/bˠiɪn/
Pan
Wuyun
/bᵚin/
Shao
Rongfen
/bien/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/bjin/
Li
Rong
/bjĕn/
Wang
Li
/bǐĕn/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/bʱi̯ĕn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
pín
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
pan4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
pín
Middle
Chinese
‹ bin ›
Old
Chinese
/*[b]rə[n]/
English poor

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 3140
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*brɯn/

Definitions

  1. poor; impoverished; destitute
  2. to lack; to be deficient in; to be short of
Synonyms
  • (poor):
  • (to lack):
Antonyms
  • (antonym(s) of poor): ()

Etymology 2

The same word as (pín, “frequent”) (Xu, 1990).

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. (colloquial) garrulous; talkative

Compounds

  • 一貧如洗 / 一贫如洗 (yīpínrúxǐ)
  • 七貧八富 / 七贫八富
  • 下貧 / 下贫
  • 不甘食貧 / 不甘食贫
  • 人貧智短 / 人贫智短
  • 倚富欺貧 / 倚富欺贫
  • 劫富濟貧 / 劫富济贫 (jiéfùjìpín)
  • 原憲貧 / 原宪贫
  • 嘴貧 / 嘴贫 (zuǐpín)
  • 嫌貧愛富 / 嫌贫爱富
  • 孤貧 / 孤贫
  • 孤貧顛連 / 孤贫颠连
  • 安富恤貧 / 安富恤贫
  • 安貧 / 安贫
  • 安貧守道 / 安贫守道
  • 安貧樂賤 / 安贫乐贱
  • 安貧樂道 / 安贫乐道 (ānpínlèdào)
  • 守道安貧 / 守道安贫
  • 家貧 / 家贫 (jiāpín)
  • 家貧命苦 / 家贫命苦
  • 家貧如洗 / 家贫如洗
  • 家道貧寒 / 家道贫寒
  • 富不如貧 / 富不如贫
  • 居貧 / 居贫
  • 幫貧 / 帮贫 (bāngpín)
  • 恤老憐貧 / 恤老怜贫
  • 恤貧 / 恤贫
  • 惡性貧血 / 恶性贫血 (èxìng pínxuè)
  • 惜老憐貧 / 惜老怜贫
  • 愛富嫌貧 / 爱富嫌贫
  • 愛老憐貧 / 爱老怜贫
  • 憐貧恤老 / 怜贫恤老
  • 憐貧恤苦 / 怜贫恤苦
  • 憐貧惜老 / 怜贫惜老
  • 憐貧敬老 / 怜贫敬老
  • 振窮卹貧 / 振穷卹贫
  • 振貧濟乏 / 振贫济乏
  • 放富差貧 / 放富差贫
  • 敬老恤貧 / 敬老恤贫
  • 敬老憐貧 / 敬老怜贫
  • 數貧嘴 / 数贫嘴
  • 樂貧甘賤 / 乐贫甘贱
  • 樂道安貧 / 乐道安贫
  • 清貧 / 清贫 (qīngpín)
  • 清貧如洗 / 清贫如洗
  • 清貧寡欲 / 清贫寡欲
  • 濟寒賑貧 / 济寒赈贫
  • 濟苦憐貧 / 济苦怜贫
  • 濟貧 / 济贫 (jìpín)
  • 濟貧拔苦 / 济贫拔苦
  • 甘貧守分 / 甘贫守分
  • 甘貧守志 / 甘贫守志
  • 甘貧守節 / 甘贫守节
  • 甘貧樂道 / 甘贫乐道
  • 療貧 / 疗贫
  • 矜貧恤獨 / 矜贫恤独
  • 矜貧救厄 / 矜贫救厄
  • 耍貧嘴 / 耍贫嘴 (shuǎ pínzuǐ)
  • 脫貧 / 脱贫 (tuōpín)
  • 腦貧血 / 脑贫血
  • 貧乏 / 贫乏 (pínfá)
  • 貧僧 / 贫僧 (pínsēng)
  • 貧嘴 / 贫嘴 (pínzuǐ)
  • 貧嘴惡舌 / 贫嘴恶舌
  • 貧嘴薄舌 / 贫嘴薄舌
  • 貧嘴賤舌 / 贫嘴贱舌
  • 貧嘴餓舌 / 贫嘴饿舌
  • 貧困 / 贫困 (pínkùn)
  • 貧士 / 贫士
  • 貧女分光 / 贫女分光
  • 貧子 / 贫子
  • 貧寒 / 贫寒 (pínhán)
  • 貧富不均 / 贫富不均
  • 貧寒出身 / 贫寒出身
  • 貧富差距 / 贫富差距 (pínfù chājù)
  • 貧富懸殊 / 贫富悬殊 (pínfùxuánshū)
  • 貧弱 / 贫弱 (pínruò)
  • 貧惰 / 贫惰 (pîn-tōaⁿ) (Min Nan)
  • 貧戶 / 贫户
  • 貧民 / 贫民 (pínmín)
  • 貧民住宅 / 贫民住宅
  • 貧民區 / 贫民区 (pínmínqū)
  • 貧民救助 / 贫民救助
  • 貧民窟 / 贫民窟 (pínmínkū)
  • 貧氣 / 贫气
  • 貧無立錐 / 贫无立锥
  • 貧病 / 贫病
  • 貧病交攻 / 贫病交攻
  • 貧病交迫 / 贫病交迫
  • 貧瘠 / 贫瘠 (pínjí)
  • 貧礦 / 贫矿
  • 貧窮 / 贫穷 (pínqióng)
  • 貧窮文化 / 贫穷文化
  • 貧窶 / 贫窭
  • 貧而樂道 / 贫而乐道
  • 貧而無諂 / 贫而无谄
  • 貧胎 / 贫胎
  • 貧苦 / 贫苦 (pínkǔ)
  • 貧血 / 贫血 (pínxuè)
  • 貧血病 / 贫血病
  • 貧賤 / 贫贱 (pínjiàn)
  • 貧賤之交 / 贫贱之交
  • 貧賤之知 / 贫贱之知
  • 貧賤交 / 贫贱交
  • 貧賤糟糠 / 贫贱糟糠
  • 貧賤驕人 / 贫贱骄人
  • 貧道 / 贫道 (píndào)
  • 貧難 / 贫难
  • 貧非病 / 贫非病
  • 貧骨頭 / 贫骨头
  • 賣富差貧 / 卖富差贫
  • 赤貧 / 赤贫 (chìpín)
  • 赤貧如洗 / 赤贫如洗
  • 身貧如洗 / 身贫如洗
  • 鍊貧 / 炼贫
  • 饋貧糧 / 馈贫粮

References

  • ”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 231.

Japanese

Kanji

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. poverty

Readings

  • Go-on: びん (bin, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: ひん (hin, Jōyō)
  • Kun: まずしい (mazushii, 貧しい, Jōyō)まづしい (madusii, 貧しい, historical)

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 가난할 (gananhal bin))

  1. hanja form? of (poverty)

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: bần