通信
Chinese
go through; know well; to connect go through; know well; to connect; to communicate; open |
letter; true; to believe letter; true; to believe; sign; evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (通信) | 通 | 信 | |
| simp. #(通信) | 通 | 信 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: tōngxìn
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄥ ㄒㄧㄣˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tongsìn
- Wade–Giles: tʻung1-hsin4
- Yale: tūng-syìn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tongshinn
- Palladius: тунсинь (tunsinʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕin⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: tung1 seon3
- Yale: tūng seun
- Cantonese Pinyin: tung1 soen3
- Guangdong Romanization: tung1 sên3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ sɵn³³/
- Homophones:
通信
通訊 / 通讯
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thûng-sin
- Hakka Romanization System: tungˊ xin
- Hagfa Pinyim: tung1 xin4
- Sinological IPA: /tʰuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ sin⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thong-sìn
- Tâi-lô: thong-sìn
- Phofsit Daibuun: tongsixn
- IPA (Xiamen): /tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sin²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰɔŋ³³ sin⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sin²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sin¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sin²¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: tong1 sing3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thong sìng
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰoŋ³³⁻²³ siŋ²¹³/
- (Hokkien)
Verb
通信
- to correspond (communicate by exchanging letters); to communicate
- to transmit (signal, messages, etc.)
Synonyms
Derived terms
Descendants
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 通 | 信 |
| つう Grade: 2 |
しん Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi | |
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
通信 • (tsūshin)
- communication
- 飛行機からの通信が切れた。
- Hikōki kara no tsūshin ga kireta.
- We've lost communication with the airplane.
- 飛行機からの通信が切れた。
- correspondence
- news
Derived terms
- 通信機 (tsūshinki): a communicator, a communication device
- 通信社 (tsūshinsha): a news agency
- 通信員 (tsūshin'in)
- パソコン通信 (pasokontsūshin)
Verb
通信する • (tsūshin suru) transitive suru (stem 通信し (tsūshin shi), past 通信した (tsūshin shita))
- to communicate (generally using an electronic device)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "通信する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 通信し | つうしんし | tsūshin shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 通信し | つうしんし | tsūshin shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 通信する | つうしんする | tsūshin suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 通信する | つうしんする | tsūshin suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 通信すれ | つうしんすれ | tsūshin sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 通信せよ¹ 通信しろ² |
つうしんせよ¹ つうしんしろ² |
tsūshin seyo¹ tsūshin shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 通信される | つうしんされる | tsūshin sareru | |
| Causative | 通信させる 通信さす |
つうしんさせる つうしんさす |
tsūshin saseru tsūshin sasu | |
| Potential | 通信できる | つうしんできる | tsūshin dekiru | |
| Volitional | 通信しよう | つうしんしよう | tsūshin shiyō | |
| Negative | 通信しない | つうしんしない | tsūshin shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 通信せず | つうしんせず | tsūshin sezu | |
| Formal | 通信します | つうしんします | tsūshin shimasu | |
| Perfective | 通信した | つうしんした | tsūshin shita | |
| Conjunctive | 通信して | つうしんして | tsūshin shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 通信すれば | つうしんすれば | tsūshin sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 通 | 信 |
Noun
通信 • (tongsin) (hangeul 통신)
- hanja form? of 통신 (“communication”)
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 通 | 信 |
Noun
通信
- chữ Hán form of thông tin (“information; news”)
Verb
通信
- chữ Hán form of thông tin (“to give information, to inform”)