金蘭

Chinese

		metal; gold; money	orchid
trad. (金蘭)		金	蘭
simp. (金兰)		金	兰

Etymology

Short for a quote from 《易經》.

二人同心，其利斷金。同心之言，其臭如蘭。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]

二人同心，其利断金。同心之言，其臭如兰。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: I Ching, 11^th – 8^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

Èr rén tóngxīn, qí lì duàn jīn. Tóngxīn zhī yán, qí xiù rú lán. [Pinyin]

When two men are one in heart, not iron bolts keep them apart. From the words they in their union use, fragrance like orchid plants diffuse.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jīnlán

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣㄌㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gam¹ laan⁴
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kim-lân

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jīnlán
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣㄌㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jinlán
  - Wade–Giles: chin¹-lan²
  - Yale: jīn-lán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinlan
  - Palladius: цзиньлань (czinʹlanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵ län³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gam¹ laan⁴
  - Yale: gām làahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gam¹ laan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: gem¹ lan⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐm⁵⁵ laːn²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kim-lân
  - Tâi-lô: kim-lân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kimlaan
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kim⁴⁴⁻²² lan²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kim³³ lan²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kim⁴⁴⁻²² lan¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kim⁴⁴⁻³³ lan²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kim⁴⁴⁻³³ lan²³/

Noun

金蘭

(literary) profound friendship; intimate relationship
(literary) sworn brotherhood or sisterhood; fraternity
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see 金 (jīn),‎ 蘭 / 兰 (lán). ("golden orchid")

Derived terms

契合金蘭 / 契合金兰
契若金蘭 / 契若金兰
結金蘭 / 结金兰 (jiéjīnlán)
義結金蘭 / 义结金兰 (yìjiéjīnlán)
金蘭之交 / 金兰之交 (jīnlánzhījiāo)
金蘭簿 / 金兰簿

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (金蘭):

→ Japanese: 金蘭(きんらん) (kinran)

Proper noun

金蘭

(～市) Cam Ranh (a city in Vietnam)

Derived terms

金蘭灣 / 金兰湾

Japanese

Kanji in this term
金	蘭
きん Grade: 1	らん Jinmeiyō
kan'on

Etymology 1

/kim ran/ → /kimʉran/ → /kinran/

From Middle Chinese 金蘭 (MC kim lan), itself from the first Great Treatise of the 易経 (Ekikyō, “I Ching”):^[1]^[2]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) きんらん [kíꜜǹràǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [kʲĩn̺ɾã̠ɴ]

Noun

金(きん)蘭(らん) • (kinran)

(figurative) short for 金蘭の契り (kinran no chigiri) or 金蘭の交わり (kinran no majiwari): a profound or intimate relationship

Derived terms

金蘭(きんらん)の契(ちぎ)り (kinran no chigiri)
金蘭(きんらん)の友(とも) (kinran no tomo)
金蘭簿(きんらんぼ) (kinranbo)
金蘭(きんらん)の交(まじ)わり (kinran no majiwari)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
金	蘭
きん Grade: 1	らん Jinmeiyō
kan'on

From 金 (kin, “gold”) +‎ 蘭 (ran, “orchid”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) きんらん [kíꜜǹràǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [kʲĩn̺ɾã̠ɴ]

Noun

金(きん)蘭(らん) or 金蘭(キンラン) • (kinran)

the golden orchid, Cephalanthera falcata
Synonyms: 朝熊草 (Asama-sō), 有馬草 (Arima-sō), 奇参蘭 (kisanran), 貴船海老根 (kibune-ebine)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN