阿呆

Chinese

		phonetic; (final part.); (interj.) phonetic; (final part.); (interj.); flatter; an initial particle; prefix to names of people	foolish; stupid; no expression foolish; stupid; no expression; stay
trad. (阿呆/阿獃)		阿	呆/獃
simp. (阿呆)		阿	呆

Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): ādāi

(Zhuyin): ㄚㄉㄞ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ādāi
  - Zhuyin: ㄚㄉㄞ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: adai
  - Wade–Giles: a¹-tai¹
  - Yale: ā-dāi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: adai
  - Palladius: адай (adaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀä⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵⁵/

Noun

阿呆

fool

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
阿	呆
あ Jinmeiyō (ateji)	ほう Hyōgai (ateji)
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
阿房

[apau] → [aɸau] → [aɸoː] → [ahoː].

Kanji spelling is ateji (当て字)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) あほー [àhóꜜò] (Nakadaka – [2])^[1]
IPA^(key): [a̠ho̞ː]

Adjective

阿(あ)呆(ほう) • (ahō) ^{←あはう (afau)^?}-na (adnominal 阿(あ)呆(ほう)な (ahō na), adverbial 阿(あ)呆(ほう)に (ahō ni))

foolish
- 1603, Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam (Nippo Jisho) [Vocabulary of the Language of Japan] (in Portuguese), Nagasaki, page 13:
  Afǒna. アハゥナ (阿房な)　馬鹿な(者, または, こと).
  Ahō na. Stupid (person or thing).

Noun

阿(あ)呆(ほう) • (ahō) ^{←あはう (afau)^?}

a foolish person or action
- 1603, Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam (Nippo Jisho) [Vocabulary of the Language of Japan] (in Portuguese), Nagasaki, page 13:
  Afǒ. アハゥ (阿房)　Vtçuqe(虚)に同じ. 愚かな人, 馬鹿者.
  また, 馬鹿なこと.
  Afǒuo yǔ.(阿房を言ふ) 馬鹿なことを言う.
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1923–1927, 芥川龍之介, 侏儒の言葉‎^[1], 青空文庫:
  
  阿(あ)呆(ほう)はいつも彼(かれ)以(い)外(がい)の人(ひと)人(びと)を悉(ことごと)く阿(あ)呆(ほう)と考(かんが)えている。
  Ahō wa itsumo kare igai no hitobito o kotogotoku ahō to kangaete iru.
  A fool is always thinking that people other than him are all fools.

Derived terms

阿(あ)呆(ほう)臭(く)い(さい) (ahōkusai)
阿(あ)呆(ほう)口(ぐち) (ahōguchi)
阿(あ)呆(ほう)力(ぢから) (ahōjikara)
阿(あ)呆(ほう)面(づら) (ahōzura)
信(あ)天(ほう)翁(どり) (ahōdori)
阿(あ)呆(ほう)に付(つ)ける薬(くすり)なし (ahō ni tsukeru kusuri nashi)
阿(あ)呆(ほう)の三(さん)杯(ばい)汁(じる) (ahō no sanbai-jiru)
阿(あ)呆(ほう)の話(はなし)食(ぐ)い (ahō no hanashi-gui)
阿(あ)呆(ほう)の一(ひと)つ覚(おぼ)え (ahō no hitotsu oboe)
阿(あ)房(ほう)払(ばら)い (ahōbarai)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
阿	呆
あ Jinmeiyō (ateji)	ほ Hyōgai (ateji)
on'yomi

A contraction from ahō → aho.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) あほ [àhóꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
IPA^(key): [a̠ho̞]

Adjective

阿(あ)呆(ほ) or 阿呆(アホ) • (aho) -na (adnominal 阿(あ)呆(ほ)な (aho na), adverbial 阿(あ)呆(ほ)に (aho ni))

(Kansai) foolish

Synonyms

馬鹿(ばか) (baka)

Noun

阿(あ)呆(ほ) or 阿呆(アホ) • (aho)

(Kansai) a foolish person or action

Synonyms

馬鹿(ばか) (baka)

Derived terms

アホ毛(げ) (ahoge)
阿呆陀羅(あほだら) (ahodara)
阿呆垂(あほた)れ (ahotare)
阿呆(あほ)らしい (ahorashii)

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN.