呆

See also: 騃, 獃, 杏, and 杲

呆	U+5446, 呆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5446

← 呅
[U+5445]

CJK Unified Ideographs

呇 →
[U+5447]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

呆 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 口木 (RD), four-corner 6090₄, composition ⿱口木)

Derived characters

保, 㙅, 㳭, 槑, 宲, 棠, 楶, 襃

Additional Derived Characters

𠳳, 𭑼, 𰐯, 𰑠, 𪭷, 𤞥, 𨹦, 𪲖, 𣮃, 𤥯, 𥆫, 𮀛, 𮇠, 𣍀, 𣕷, 𮘒, 𨲃, 𮷰, 𩛴, 𫗷, 𣔣, 𠻇, 𣘫, 𪁣, 𲍹, 𣞃
𫬕, 𡷵, 𰱅, 𰠀, 𩭚, 𤶭, 𧜯, 𰟺, 𥧷

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 181, character 11
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3395
Dae Jaweon: page 399, character 10
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 585, character 11
Unihan data for U+5446

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology 1: Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 口 (“mouth”) + 木 (“wood”) – dull, not sharp; wooden. Then the meaning evolved into "not sharp > stupid"
Etymology 2: See 保.
Etymology 3: Simplified from 槑.

Etymology 1

trad.		呆/獃
simp.		呆
alternative forms		騃／𫘤𤶗

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dāi, ái (dai¹, ai²)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄞ, ㄞˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ngoi⁴ / daai¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ngôi

(Meixian, Guangdong): ngoi²
Eastern Min (BUC): ngài
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tai / gâi

(Teochew, Peng'im): ngai⁵ / dai¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹te; ⁶nge

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dāi
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄞ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dai
  - Wade–Giles: tai¹
  - Yale: dāi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dai
  - Palladius: дай (daj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /taɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ái
  - Zhuyin: ㄞˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ái
  - Wade–Giles: ai²
  - Yale: ái
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: air
  - Palladius: ай (aj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀaɪ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: ngoi⁴ / daai¹
  - Yale: ngòih / dāai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ngoi⁴ / daai¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ngoi⁴ / dai¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɔːi̯²¹/, /taːi̯⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngôi
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngoi^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngoi¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋoi̯²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ngoi²
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋoɪ¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ngài
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋai⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tai
  - Tâi-lô: tai
  - Phofsit Daibuun: day
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tai⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tai³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gâi
  - Tâi-lô: gâi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gaai
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /ɡai²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡai¹³/

Note:

tai - vernacular;
gâi - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: ngai⁵ / dai¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngâi / tai
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋai⁵⁵/, /tai³³/

Note: ngai5 - used in 呆板.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹te; ⁶nge
  - MiniDict: te^平; nge^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹te; ³nge
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /te⁵³/, /ŋe²³/

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*tɯː/, /*ŋɯː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	呆	呆
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	1956	1957
Phonetic component
Rime group	之	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	𪒴	皚
Old Chinese	/*tɯː/	/*ŋɯː/
Notes	懛今字	獃今字

Definitions

呆

dull; wooden
dull-minded; simple; stupid
(Eastern Min) bad
(chiefly Mainland China) alternative form of 待 (“to stay”)
在廣州呆了十幾年 [MSC, trad.]
在广州呆了十几年 [MSC, simp.]
zài guǎngzhōu dāile shí jǐ nián [Pinyin]
was in Guangzhou for 10 or so years
a surname, Dai

Synonyms

(bad):

Dialectal synonyms of 壞 (“bad; not good”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		惡
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		壞
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	壞, 賴
	Taiwan	壞
	Malaysia	壞
	Singapore	壞
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	壞, 孬, 賴
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	瞎, 壞
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	壞
Southwestern Mandarin	Wuhan	壞, 拐
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	壞
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	壞
Cantonese	Guangzhou	壞, 弊, 衰
	Hong Kong	壞, 衰
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	衰
	Yangjiang	壞
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	衰
	Singapore (Guangfu)	衰
Gan	Nanchang	壞
Hakka	Meixian	壞
Hakka	Wuhua (Meilin)	衰
Jin	Taiyuan	賴, 壞
Northern Min	Jian'ou	壞, 獰
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	呆, 否
Southern Min	Xiamen	歹, 䆀
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	歹
	Quanzhou	歹
	Jinjiang	歹
	Nan'an	歹
	Shishi	歹
	Zhangzhou	䆀
	Zhao'an	䆀, 孬
	Tainan	歹
	Penang (Hokkien)	䆀, 歹
	Singapore (Hokkien)	歹
	Manila (Hokkien)	歹
	Datian	歹
	Chaozhou	孬
	Shantou	孬
	Jieyang	孬, 歹
	Puning	孬
	Singapore (Teochew)	歹, 孬
	Leizhou	㾀
	Wenchang	㾀
	Haikou	㾀
	Singapore (Hainanese)	㾀
Wu	Shanghai	壞, 恘
	Suzhou	壞, 恘
	Ningbo	歪, 推扳, 嘸做
	Wenzhou	毛
Xiang	Changsha	壞, 拐
Xiang	Shuangfeng	壞, 拐

(stupid):

edit

呆傻 (dāishǎ)
呆痴 (dāichī)
𡳞面 (Hokkien, vulgar)
𡳞鳥面 / 𡳞鸟面 (Hokkien, vulgar)
愚戇 / 愚戆 (Hokkien)
愚昧 (yúmèi)
愚笨 (yúbèn)
愚蠢 (yúchǔn)
愚鈍 / 愚钝 (yúdùn)
拙 (zhuō) (literary, or in compounds)
拙笨 (zhuōbèn)
撚樣 / 撚样 (lan² joeng^6-2) (Cantonese, vulgar)
暗昧 (ànmèi)
梢跤 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
梢跤軟蹄 / 梢跤软蹄 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
梢蹬 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
棒槌 (bàngchuí)
海鱟 / 海鲎 (Hokkien)
混鈍 / 混钝 (Hokkien)
痴呆
發踱 / 发踱 (⁷faq ⁸doq) (Wu)
笨 (bèn)
笨拙 (bènzhuō)
笨車車 / 笨车车 (Hokkien)
臭笨 (Hokkien)
菜瓜 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
蠢 (chǔn)
蠢氣 / 蠢气 (qyn³ qi⁴) (Xiang)
蠢笨 (chǔnbèn)
袋屎 (Hokkien)
袋屎袋尿 (Hokkien)
跤梢 (Xiamen Hokkien)
遲鈍 / 迟钝 (chídùn)
阿西 (Hokkien)
頇顢 / 顸颟 (Hokkien)
鱟 / 鲎 (Hokkien)
鳩拙 / 鸠拙 (jiūzhuó) (literary)

Compounds

口舌呆鈍 / 口舌呆钝
呆不龍咚 / 呆不龙咚
呆了一呆
呆住 (dāizhù)
呆似木雞 / 呆似木鸡
呆僗 / 呆𫢬
呆呆地
呆呆掙掙 / 呆呆挣挣
呆呆鄧鄧 / 呆呆邓邓
呆坐
呆子 (dāizi)
呆小症
呆帳 / 呆帐 (dāizhàng)
呆想
呆打頦 / 呆打颏
呆掙 / 呆挣
呆木大
呆板
呆水位
呆漢 / 呆汉
呆滯 / 呆滞 (dāizhì)
呆滯物料 / 呆滞物料
呆瓜 (dāiguā)
呆登登
呆立
呆笑
呆答孩
呆答答
呆緻緻 / 呆致致
呆老漢 / 呆老汉
呆腦呆頭 / 呆脑呆头
呆若木雞 / 呆若木鸡 (dāiruòmùjī)
呆著臉 / 呆著脸
呆裡撒奸
呆貨 / 呆货
呆鄧鄧 / 呆邓邓
呆頭呆腦 / 呆头呆脑 (dāitóudāinǎo)
呆頭木腦 / 呆头木脑
呆鳥 / 呆鸟
嚇呆 / 吓呆 (xiàdāi)
孝呆 (hàu-tai) (Min Nan)
干呆
懵懂痴呆
打呆歌
撇呆打墮 / 撇呆打堕
書呆子 / 书呆子 (shūdāizi)
痴呆
痴呆懵懂
痴呆症
發呆 / 发呆 (fādāi)
目呆口咂
目定口呆 (mùdìngkǒudāi)
目睜口呆 / 目睁口呆
目瞪口呆 (mùdèngkǒudāi)
目瞪神呆
看呆
老伯呆
老阿呆
裝憨打呆 / 装憨打呆
賣呆 / 卖呆
賣呆兒 / 卖呆儿
鄧鄧呆呆 / 邓邓呆呆

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 呆 – see 保 (“to raise; to rear; to keep; to maintain; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 保).

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 呆 – see 梅. (This character is a variant form of 梅).

Japanese

Kanji

呆

(Hyōgai kanji)

amazed, disgusted, shocked

Readings

Go-on: ほ (ho)、がい (gai)
Kan-on: ほう (hō)、がい (gai)
Kan’yō-on: ぼう (bō)、たい (tai)
Kun: あきる (akiru, 呆る)、あきれる (akireru, 呆れる)、ほける (hokeru, 呆ける)、ほうける (hōkeru, 呆ける)、ぼける (bokeru, 呆ける)

Korean

Hanja

呆 (eumhun 어리석을 매 (eoriseogeul mae))

hanja form^? of 매 (“dull-minded; simple; stupid”)

Compounds

치매 (癡呆/痴呆, chimae, “(medicine) dementia”)

Vietnamese

Han character

呆: Hán Nôm readings: ngốc

stupid, naive, foolish