-auti

Lithuanian

Etymology

Cognate with Old Prussian -aut, Proto-Slavic *-ovati.[1] It has further been connected to the similar suffix -úoti, Latvian -uot, although the relationship is debated.[2][1]

Suffix

-áuti (third-person present tense -áuja, third-person past tense -ãvo)

  1. Forms verbs from other parts of speech, especially in meaning "to act as (someone or something)".
    grybas (mushroom) + ‎-auti → ‎grybauti (to pick mushrooms)
    pamokslas (sermon) + ‎-auti → ‎pamokslauti (to sermonize, preach)
    vyras (man male) + ‎-auti → ‎vyrauti (to dominate, prevail)

Conjugation

Conjugation of -auti
singular vienaskaita plural daugiskaita
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
tu jis/ji mes jūs jie/jos
indicative present -auju -auji -auja -aujame,
-aujam
-aujate,
-aujat
-auja
past -avau -avai -avo -avome,
-avom
-avote,
-avot
-avo
past frequentative -audavau -audavai -audavo -audavome,
-audavom
-audavote,
-audavot
-audavo
future -ausiu -ausi -aus -ausime,
-ausim
-ausite,
-ausit
-aus
subjunctive -aučiau -autum,
-autumei
-autų -autumėme,
-autumėm,
-autume
-autumėte,
-autumėt
-autų
imperative -auk,
-auki
te-auja,
te-aujie
-aukime,
-aukim
-aukite,
-aukit
te-auja,
te-aujie
Participles of -auti
adjectival (dalyviai)
active passive
present -aująs, -aujantis -aujamas
past -avęs -autas
past frequentative -audavęs
future -ausiąs, -ausiantis -ausimas
participle of necessity -autinas
adverbial
special pusdalyvis -audamas
half-participle present -aujant
past -avus
past frequentative -audavus
future -ausiant
manner of action būdinys -aute, -autinai

Derived terms

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Miguel Villanueva Svensson (2014) “The origins of the denominative type Lith. ‑áuti, ‑áuja, OCS ‑ovati, ‑ujǫ”, in Baltistica, volume 49, number 2, →DOI, pages 251–264
  2. ^ Frederik Kortlandt (1995) “Lithuanian verbs in -auti and -uoti”, in Linguistica Baltica, volume 4, pages 141—143