-eren
Dutch
Etymology 1
From earlier -er, from Middle Dutch -er, the dative plural plural of which was -eren (compare German -ern). The use for all cases in Modern Dutch is probably due to a desire to over-illustrate the plural (that is -er + -en, comparing the dialectal byform -ers). The simple form of the suffix can still be seen in many compounds such as kindertijd, and in the formation of plural diminutives (kindertjes, radertjes). Compare English -ren.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ərə(n)/
Suffix
-eren
- forms the plural of a limited group of nouns: blad, been, ei, gelid, gemoed, goed, hoen, kalf, kind, kleed, lam, lied, rad, rund, volk
Usage notes
- The two nouns ending in -n interfix an additional -d- before the ending: beenderen, hoenderen.
- The three nouns ending in a single vowel + -d- lengthen the vowel: bladeren, gelederen, raderen.
Etymology 2
From Middle Dutch -eren, from Middle French -er or Old French -er, from Latin -āre.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /eːrə(n)/
Audio: (file)
Suffix
-eren
- part of the infinitive of verbs borrowed mainly from French and Latin, e.g. informeren from French informer (“to inform”).
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -eren (weak) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | -eren | |||
| past singular | -eerde | |||
| past participle | ge- -eerd | |||
| infinitive | -eren | |||
| gerund | -eren n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | -eer | -eerde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | -eert, -eer2 | -eerde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | -eert | -eerde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | -eert | -eerde | ||
| 3rd person singular | -eert | -eerde | ||
| plural | -eren | -eerden | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | -ere | -eerde | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | -eren | -eerden | ||
| imperative sing. | -eer | |||
| imperative plur.1 | -eert | |||
| participles | -erend | ge- -eerd | ||
| 1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. | ||||
Etymology 3
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Suffix
-eren
- frequentative verbal suffix; indicating repetition
- Synonym: -elen
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -eren (weak) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | -eren | |||
| past singular | -erde | |||
| past participle | ge- -erd | |||
| infinitive | -eren | |||
| gerund | -eren n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | -er | -erde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | -ert, -er2 | -erde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | -ert | -erde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | -ert | -erde | ||
| 3rd person singular | -ert | -erde | ||
| plural | -eren | -erden | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | -ere | -erde | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | -eren | -erden | ||
| imperative sing. | -er | |||
| imperative plur.1 | -ert | |||
| participles | -erend | ge- -erd | ||
| 1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. | ||||
Derived terms
Middle English
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old English -erian, -orian, -rian, from Proto-West Germanic *-rōn, *-iʀōn, from Proto-Germanic *-rōną or *-izōną.
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /-(ə)rən/, /-ərn/
Suffix
-eren
- A frequentative suffix forming verbs from other verbs or onomatopoeia, indicating repetition or continuity.
- Synonym: -elen
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- “-er-, suf.(3).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Suffix
-eren
- alternative form of -ren