Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þekuz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *tégus (“thick”).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈθe.kuz/

Adjective

*þekuz

thick

Inflection

Declension of *þekuz (u-stem)
Strong declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*þekuz	*þekwī	þekų, -jatō	*þekwijai	*þekwijôz	*þekwijō
accusative	*þekwijanǭ	*þekwijǭ	þekų, -jatō	*þekwijanz	*þekwijōz	*þekwijō
genitive	þekwijas, þekwīs	*þekwijaizōz	þekwijas, þekwīs	*þekwijaizǫ̂	*þekwijaizǫ̂	*þekwijaizǫ̂
dative	*þekwijammai	*þekwijaizōi	*þekwijammai	*þekwijaimaz	*þekwijaimaz	*þekwijaimaz
instrumental	*þekwijanō	*þekwijaizō	*þekwijanō	*þekwijaimiz	*þekwijaimiz	*þekwijaimiz

Weak declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*þekwijô	*þekwijǭ	*þekwijô	*þekwijaniz	*þekwijōniz	*þekwijōnō
accusative	*þekwijanų	*þekwijōnų	*þekwijô	*þekwijanunz	*þekwijōnunz	*þekwijōnō
genitive	*þekwīniz	*þekwijōniz	*þekwīniz	*þekwijanǫ̂	*þekwijōnǫ̂	*þekwijanǫ̂
dative	*þekwīni	*þekwijōni	*þekwīni	*þekwijammaz	*þekwijōmaz	*þekwijammaz
instrumental	*þekwīnē	*þekwijōnē	*þekwīnē	*þekwijammiz	*þekwijōmiz	*þekwijammiz

Derived terms

*þekwōną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *þikkwī
- Old English: þicce
  - Middle English: thikke, thicke, thik, thyke, thykke, þikke
    - English: thick
    - Scots: thik, thicke, thick
- Old Frisian: thikke, *thiukke, *thiuke
  - Saterland Frisian: tjuk
  - West Frisian: tsjok, tsjûk
- Old Saxon: thikki
  - Middle Low German: dicke
    - Low German: dick
    - Plautdietsch: dikj
- Old Dutch: *thicki
  - Middle Dutch: dicke
    - Dutch: dik
      - Afrikaans: dik
      - Berbice Creole Dutch: deki
      - Negerhollands: dik
        → Virgin Islands Creole: dik (archaic)
      - → Aukan: deki
      - → Papiamentu: diki, dek
      - → Saramaccan: dégi (via Skepi Creole Dutch)
      - → Sranan Tongo: deki
    - Limburgish: diek
    - Zealandic: dik
- Old High German: dicchi, dichi, dicki, dikki, dihhi, thichi, thihhi, thiki, ticchi
  - Middle High German: dicke, dic
    - Central Franconian: deck
    - Cimbrian: dikh, dikhe (Luserna)
    - German: dick
    - Hunsrik: dick
    - Luxembourgish: déck
    - Pennsylvania German: dick
    - Yiddish: דיק (dik)
Old Norse: þykkr, þjokkr, þjukkr
- Icelandic: þykkur
- Faroese: tjúkkur, tjukkur
- Norwegian Nynorsk: tjukk, tykk
  - → Norwegian Bokmål: tjukk
- Old Swedish: thiokker, thiukker
  - Swedish: tjock
- Old Danish: thyk, thiuk, thiok
  - Danish: tyk
    - Norwegian Bokmål: tykk
- Elfdalian: tiokk
- Jamtish: tjukk
- Gutnish: tjåkkar
- Scanian: tjykker
- → Finnish: tykky (“thick snow on trees”)
- → Karelian: tykky
→ Proto-Samic: *teakkē (“thick meat”) (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*þeku-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 537

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*þeku-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 537

[1]