Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hildiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Likely from Pre-Germanic *kelh₂tís, from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to hit, strike”). Cognate with Latin clādēs (“destruction”), Ancient Greek κόλος (kólos, “hornless”), Lithuanian kálti (“to strike, forge”), Russian колоть (kolotʹ, “to prick”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxil.diz/

Noun

*hildiz f^[1]

battle, fight

Inflection

Declension of *hildiz (i-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*hildiz	*hildīz
vocative	*hildi	*hildīz
accusative	*hildį	*hildinz
genitive	*hildīz	*hildijǫ̂
dative	*hildī	*hildimaz
instrumental	*hildī	*hildimiz

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *hildi
- Old English: hild
- Old Saxon: *hildi
  - ⇒ Old Saxon: hildiskalk m, hildi (adjective)
- Old High German: hilt, hild, hilta, hiltia (having merged into the ō-/jō-stem declension)
- →⇒ Latin: Baudihillia, Boudihillia (theonym) (a mix of Celtic and Germanic elements; this word compounded with Proto-Celtic *boudi (“victory”))
Old Norse: hildr, Hildr
- Icelandic: hildur, Hildur
  - → Norwegian: Hildur
  - → Swedish: Hildur
- Faroese: Hildur
Gothic: *𐌷𐌹𐌻𐌳𐍃 (*hilds), *𐌷𐌹𐌻𐌳𐌹- (*hildi-) (in personal names)
Vandalic: *hildi- (in personal names)

References

^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*xelđiz ~ *xelđjō sb.f.”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 168

[1] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*xelđiz ~ *xelđjō sb.f.”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 168

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