Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/kasaw

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kasaw/

Noun

*kasaw

rafter (diagonal bamboo poles to which thatch panels are lashed)

Descendants

Proto-Philippine: *kasaw
- Northern Luzon
  - Ilocano: kasaw
  - Northeastern Luzon
    - Casiguran Dumagat Agta: kasaw
  - Meso-Cordilleran
    - Kankanaey: kasaw
    - Batad Ifugao: ahaw
    - Tuwali Ifugao: kah-o
- Central Luzon
  - Abenlen Ayta: kataw
- Greater Central Philippine
  - Central Philippine
    - Mansaka
      - Mansaka: kasaw
    - Visayan
      - Masbatenyo: katsaw
      - Romblomanon: kāsaw
      - Tausug: kasaw
  - Danao
    - Maranao: kasaw
    - Maguindanao: kasaw
  - Manobo
    - Ata Manobo: gos-ow
    - Agusan Manobo: 'gas-ow
    - Western Bukidnon Manobo: gasew
  - Palawanic
    - Brooke's Point Palawano: kasew
  - Gorontalo–Mongondow
    - Mongondow: kataw
- Kalamian
  - Agutaynen: kataw
- South Mindanao
  - Tiruray: kesew
- Sangiric
  - Sangir: kaso
- Minahasan
  - Tonsawang: kaso
  - Tontemboan: kaso
Basap–Greater Barito
- Sama-Bajaw
  - Inner Sulu
    - Central Sama: kasaw
    - Southern Sama: kasow
  - Borneo Coast
    - Indonesian Bajau: kaso
    - West Coast Bajau: kosow
    - Yakan: kasew
  - Mapun: kasaw
- East Barito
  - Dusun Witu: kasau
  - Ma'anyan: kasau
- West Barito
  - Bakumpai: kasau
  - Ngaju: kasau
- Mahakam
  - Tunjung: kasau
- Basap: kasau
North Borneo
- Southwest Sabah
  - Dusunic
    - Central Dusun: kasau
    - Rungus: kasau
    - Tobilung: kasau
  - Murutic
    - Burusu: kasou
- North Sarawakan
  - Lower Baram
    - Kiput: kasaau
    - Narom: au (Dali')
  - Penan
    - Eastern Penan: kasau
    - Western Penan: kasau
- Central Sarawakan
  - Melanau
    - Central Melanau: kasau
    - Kanowit: kasau
  - Kajang
    - Kajaman: kacau
    - Lahanan: kasau
    - Sekapan: kacau
  - Punan
    - Punan Aput: kohow
    - Punan Bah-Biau: kaau
    - Ukit: koho
Kayanic
- Murik (Malaysia): kaho
Land Dayak
- Benyadu-Bekati’
  - Bekati': kasó
  - Benyadu': kasó
- Southern Land Dayak
  - Jangkang: kasau
  - Ribun: kasau
  - Sanggau: kasau
Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands
- Karo Batak: kaso
- Nias: gasõ
- Simeulue: asaw
Rejang: kaseuw
Malayo-Sumbawan
- Proto-Malayic: *kasaw
  - Banjarese: kasau
  - West Bornean Malayic
    - Ibanic
      - Iban: kasau
      - Keninjal: kasau
      - Mualang: kasau
      - Seberuang: kasau
    - Western Malayic Dayak
      - Kendayan: kasau
  - Nuclear Malayic
    - Malay: kasau
      - Indonesian: kasau
    - Minangkabau: kasau
- Sundanese: kaso-kaso
South Sulawesi
- Buginese: kaso
- Makasar: kaso
- Tae': kaso
Celebic
- Kaili–Pamona
  - Pamona: kaso
  - Uma: kaho
- Muna–Buton
  - Muna: saho
- Saluan–Banggai
  - Balantak: kaso
  - Banggai: kaso
- Tomini–Totoli
  - Boano (Sulawesi): kaso
  - Tajio: aso
  - Totoli: kaso
Central Malayo-Polynesian
- Asilulu: asa
- Larike-Wakasihu: asai
- Taliabu: kaso
- Watubela: kaha
Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
- Halmahera–Cenderawasih
  - Buli (Indonesia): as
  - Kowiai: asa
- Proto-Oceanic: *kaso
  - Western Oceanic
    - Meso-Melanesian
      - Nakanai: aro
      - Roviana: gaso-na
      - Simbo: qaso
    - North New Guinea
      - Manam: ʔaro
  - Central-Eastern Oceanic
    - Southern Oceanic
      - Mota: gaso
    - Southeast Solomonic
      - Bugotu–Gela–Guadalcanal
        Bughotu: gaho
        Gela: gaho
        Ghari: haso
      - Malaita–Makira
        Sa'a: ato
        Makira
        Arosi: 'ato
        Malaita
        Central–North Malaita
        Kwaio: 'ato
        Kwara'ae: 'ato
        Lau: 'ato
        To'abaita: 'ato
        Southern Malaita
        'Are'are: ato
    - Micronesian
      - Marshallese: kat-tal
      - Mokilese: kad-dal
      - Puluwat: yóót
      - Woleaian: gato
    - Central Pacific
      - Rotuman: kasa
      - Fijian: kaso
      - Proto-Polynesian: *kaso
        Proto-Nuclear Polynesian:
        Proto-Eastern Polynesian:
        Marquesic:
        Hawaiian: ʻaho
        Mangarevan: kaʻo
        Tahitic:
        Maori: kaho
        Rapa: ka’o
        Rarotongan: ka‘o
        Tahitian: ʻaho
        Tuamotuan: kaho
        Western Polynesian:
        Ellicean–Outlier:
        Nukuoro: gaso
        Tuvaluan: kaho
        Futunic:
        Anuta: kato
        East Futuna: kaso
        Futuna-Aniwa: kasoki
        Pukapukan: kayo
        Tikopia: kaso
        Samoic:
        Samoan: ʻaso
        Tokelauan: kaho
        Tongic:
        Niuafo'ou: kahoki
        Niuean: kaho
        Tongan: kaho, kahoki

References

Blust, Robert & Stephen Trussell, Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *kasaw₁.