Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/polъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

    Probably from Proto-Balto-Slavic, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pelH- (“to chop, to separate”). Compare Proto-Slavic *polъka, *polica (“shelf, file”); see Lithuanian spãlis (“flax boon; October”) for more potential cognates.[1]

    Noun

    *pólъ m[2][3][4]

    1. side, flank
    2. half
    3. member of a pair of options → gender, sex
    Inflection
    Declension of *polъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm a)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *polъ *pòla *pòli
    genitive *pòla *pòlu *pòlъ
    dative *pòlu *pòloma *pòlomъ
    accusative *polъ *pòla *pòly
    instrumental *pòlъmь, *pòlomь* *pòloma *pòlȳ
    locative *pòlě *pòlu *pòlě̄xъ
    vocative *pòle *pòla *pòli

    * -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

    Secondarily:

    Declension of *polъ (u-stem)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *polъ *poly *polove
    genitive *polu *polovu *polovъ
    dative *polovi *polъma *polъmъ
    accusative *polъ *poly *poly
    instrumental *polъmь *polъma *polъmi
    locative *polu *polovu *polъxъ
    vocative *polu *poly *polove
    Derived terms
    • *pola (“moiety”)
    • *polěno
    • *polovъ (“halved”)
      • *polova, *polovina (“half”) (quantity)
      • *poloviti (“to behalf”)
    • *polъ-, *polu- (“half-, semi-, mid-”)
      • *poludьnь, *polъdьne, *poldьnь (“midday”)
      • *polugodьje, *polъročьje (“half-year”)
      • *polъnoťь, *polunoťь (“midnight”)
      • *polъtora (“one and a half”)
    Descendants
    • East Slavic:
      • Old East Slavic: полъ (polŭ)
    • South Slavic:
      • Old Church Slavonic:
        • Old Cyrillic script: полъ (polŭ)
        • Glagolitic script: ⱂⱁⰾⱏ (polŭ)
      • Bulgarian: пол (pol)
      • Macedonian: пол (pol)
      • Serbo-Croatian:
      • Slovene: ро̑l
    • West Slavic:
      • Old Czech: pól
      • Old Polish: pół, puł
        • Polish: pół
        • Silesian: pōł
      • Slovak: роl
      • Polabian: pöl
      • Pomeranian:
      • Sorbian:
        • Upper Sorbian: poł
        • Lower Sorbian: pół
    Further reading
    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пол”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    • Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “пол¹ (gender), пол² (half)”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 489

    References

    1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “spalis”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 418
    2. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*pol¹”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 412: “m. o ‘half ’”
    3. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “1polъ”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c køn, halvdel (PR 137)”
    4. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “pol”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *pȍlъ”

    Etymology 2

      Either identical with Etymology 1 or from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“to cover, to span, to fold”), *pleh₂- (“to flatten”). Compare Old Norse fjǫl (“board”).[1][2]

      Noun

      *pólъ m[1][3]

      1. expanse, extent, plane
      2. (by specialization) floor
        Synonym: *podъ
      Inflection
      Declension of *pȍlъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
      singular dual plural
      nominative *pȍlъ *pȍla *pȍli
      genitive *pȍla *polù *pòlъ
      dative *pȍlu *polomà *polòmъ
      accusative *pȍlъ *pȍla *pȍly
      instrumental *pȍlъmь, *pȍlomь* *polomà *polý
      locative *pȍlě *polù *polě̃xъ
      vocative *pole *pȍla *pȍli

      * -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

      Derived terms
      • *polovica (“stretch, strip”)
      Descendants
      • East Slavic:
      • South Slavic:
        • Bulgarian: поли́ pl (polí, “fells, slopes (of mountain)”)
      Further reading
      • Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “пола”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 491

      References

      1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*pol²”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 412: “m. o”
      2. ^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пол”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
      3. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “2polъ”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[2], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c belægning (PR 137)”
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