Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ük-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Verb

*ük-

to heap up, to accumulate

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: ӳк (ük)
Common Turkic:

Kipchak: *üy-
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: өйев (öyev)
  - Tatar: өйәргә (öyärgä)
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Kazakh: үю (üü)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: үйүү (üyüü), үйүшүү (üyüşüü)
    - Southern Altai: ӱӱр (üür)
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: اُكْماكْ (ʾukmʾk /⁠ükmek⁠/)
  - Chagatai: اوکماک (ʾwkmʾk /⁠ükmäk⁠/)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: [Term?] (/⁠ük-⁠/)
- Old Uyghur: 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽷𐽹𐽰𐽷 (ʾwykmʾk /⁠ük-⁠/)
- South Siberian Turkic:
  - Yenisei Turkic:
    - Khakas: [script needed] (üül-)

Derived terms

Proto-Turkic: *üküĺ
⇒? Proto-Common Turkic: *ǖš- (“to gather (around), to swarm”), *üš- (<*üy-iš-)

>? Proto-Oghuz: *ǖš-
- Old Anatolian Turkish: اوشمك (üşmek), اشمك (üşmek)
  - Azerbaijani: (dialectal) üyüşmək
  - Gagauz: üüşmää
  - Turkish: (dialectal) üşmek
  - ⇒ Ottoman Turkish: اوششمك (üşüşmek)
    - Turkish: üşüşmek
- Turkmen: üýşmek, üýşüşmek
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: اُشْماكْ (ʾušmʾk /⁠üšmek⁠/)
  - Chagatai: اوشماک (ʾwšmʾk /⁠üšmek⁠/)
Siberian Turkic:
- Old Uyghur: 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽿𐽹𐽰𐽷 (ʾwyšmʾk /⁠üş-⁠/)

⇒ Proto-Common Turkic: *ǖš-gür-

Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish: اوشورمك (üşürmek)
  - Ottoman Turkish: اوشورمك (üşürmek)
    - Turkish: üşürmek
- Turkmen: üýşürmek
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: اُشْكُرْماكْ (ʾuškurmʾk /⁠üšgürmek⁠/)

⇒ Proto-Common Turkic: *üyük

Proto-Oghuz: اُیُكْ (ʾuyuk /⁠üyük⁠/)
- Old Anatolian Turkish: اویوك (üyük)
  - Gagauz: üük
  - Ottoman Turkish: اویوك (öyük, üyük), هویوك (höyük, hüyük)
    - Turkish: höyük, (dialectally) öyük, üyük

References

Clauson, Gerard (1972) “ük-”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 100
XIII. Yüzyılından Beri Türkiye Türkçesiyle Yazılmış Kitaplarından Toplanan Tanıklarıyle Tarama Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu yayınları; 212)‎^[1] (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1963–1977
al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Ercilasun, Ahmet B., Akkoyunlu Ziyat, transl., Kâşgarlı Mahmud Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Giriş - Metin - Çeviri - Notlar - Dizin [Mahmud al-Kashgari's “Compendium of the languages of the Turks” Introduction - Texts - Translation - Notes - Index] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 1120) (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 2020, →ISBN, page 41