Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/karga-

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/karga
This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Nişanyan suggests a derivation from *karak (“pupil”)[1]

Verb

*karga-

  1. to curse, to maledict, to condemn, to damn

Descendants

  • Proto-Common Turkic:
  • Oghuz:
  • Kipchak:
    • Kipchak-Bulgar:
      • Bashkir: ҡарғыу (qarğıw)
    • Kipchak-Cuman:
    • Kipchak-Nogai:
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
  • Karluk:
  • Siberian Turkic:
    • North Siberian Turkic:
      • Yakut: кыраа (kıraa)
      • Sayan:
        • Tuvan: карганыр (karganır)
  • ⇒ Proto-Common Turkic: *kargïš (“curse, malediction”)
  • Oghuz:
  • Kipchak:
  • Karluk:
    • Karakhanid: قَرْغِشْ (qarğïš)
      • Khorezmian Turkic:
        • Chagatai:
          • Uzbek: qargʻish
  • Siberian Turkic:
    • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (qarğïš, “curse”)[2]
    • North Siberian Turkic:
      • Yakut: кырыыс (kırııs)
      • Sayan:
      • Yenisei:
        • Khakas: харғас (xarğas)
        • Shor: [script needed] (kargıs)

References

  1. ^ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kargış”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
  2. ^ Nadeljajev, V. M.; Nasilov, D. M.; Tenišev, E. R.; Ščerbak, A. M., editors (1969), Drevnetjurkskij slovarʹ [Dictionary of Old Turkic] (in Russian), Leningrad: USSR Academy of Sciences, Nauka, page 426

Further reading

  • Eren, Hasan (1999) “Proto-Turkic/karga-”, in Türk Dilinin Etimolojik Sözlüğü [Etymological Dictionary of the Turkish Language]‎[1] (in Turkish), Ankara: Bizim Büro Basım Evi
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 655
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