abster
Galician
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Latin abstinēre (“to abstain”), with conjugation based on ter.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /absˈteɾ/ [aβ̞s̺ˈt̪eɾ]
- Rhymes: -eɾ
- Hyphenation: abs‧ter
Verb
abster (first-person singular present absteño, first-person singular preterite abstiven, past participle abstido)
abster (first-person singular present abstenho, first-person singular preterite abstivem or abstive, past participle abstido, reintegrationist norm)
- (reflexive) to abstain
Conjugation
Conjugation of abster (irregular)
Reintegrated conjugation of abster (irregular) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)
1Less recommended.
Related terms
Further reading
- “abster”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
- “abster” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
Portuguese
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin abstinēre (“to abstain”), with conjugation based on ter.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /absˈte(ʁ)/ [absˈte(h)], /a.bisˈte(ʁ)/ [a.bisˈte(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /absˈte(ɾ)/, /a.bisˈte(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /abʃˈte(ʁ)/ [abʃˈte(χ)], /a.biʃˈte(ʁ)/ [a.biʃˈte(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /absˈte(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ɐbʃˈteɾ/ [ɐβʃˈteɾ]
- (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ɐbʃˈte.ɾi/ [ɐβʃˈte.ɾi]
- Rhymes: -eʁ, -eɾ
- Hyphenation: abs‧ter
Verb
abster (first-person singular present abstenho, first-person singular preterite abstive, past participle abstido)
- (transitive) to keep, to prevent (to stop someone from doing something) [with direct object ‘someone’ and de (+ infinitive) ‘from doing something’]
- As dores o abstiveram de viajar.
- The pains kept him from travelling.
- (pronominal) to abstain, to refrain (to deliberately not do, have or make use of something pleasurable) [with de ‘from something’ or de (+ infinitive) ‘from doing something’]
- Essa dieta exige que você se abstenha de chocolate.
- This diet requires you to abstain from chocolate.
- Essa dieta exige que você se abstenha de comer chocolate.
- This diet requires you to abstain from eating chocolate.
- (pronominal) to keep one’s composure
- Não importa quantos insultos ouvir, abstenha-se.
- No matter how many insults you hear, keep calm.
- (pronominal) to abstain (to deliberately refrain from voting)
- Nenhuma das opções é boa, então eu me abstenho.
- None of the options is good, so I abstain.
Conjugation
Conjugation of abster (irregular) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Related terms
Further reading
- “abster”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
- “abster”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2025
- “abster” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
- “abster”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
- “abster”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
- “abster”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025