companio
Latin
Etymology
Etymology tree
From con- (“with”) + pānis m (“bread”) + -ō m (noun-forming suffix), a calque of Proto-West Germanic *gahlaibō m (“messmate”, literally “person with whom one shares bread”). First documented in the Lex Salica.[1]
Compare typologically English mate (<< Proto-Germanic *ga- + *matiz), Russian однока́шник (odnokášnik) (< одно- (odno-) + ка́ша (káša) + -ник (-nik)).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [kɔmˈpaː.ni.oː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [komˈpaː.ni.o]
Noun
compāniō m (genitive compāniōnis); third declension (Late Latin)
- comrade
- (Can we add an example for this sense?)
Declension
Third-declension noun.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | compāniō | compāniōnēs |
| genitive | compāniōnis | compāniōnum |
| dative | compāniōnī | compāniōnibus |
| accusative | compāniōnem | compāniōnēs |
| ablative | compāniōne | compāniōnibus |
| vocative | compāniō | compāniōnēs |
Derived terms
Descendants
Via the nominative compāniō:
Via the accusative compāniōnem:
- Italo-Romance:
- Italian: compagnone
- Sicilian: cumpagnuni
- North Italian:
- Old Lombard: compagnon
- Old Venetan: compagnò
- Gallo-Romance:
- Old French: compaignon (see there for further descendants)
- French: compagnon
- Old French: compaignon (see there for further descendants)
- Occitano-Romance:
- Catalan: companyó
- Old Occitan: companhon, compalhó
- Ibero-Romance:
- Old Galician-Portuguese: companhão
- Northern Portugal: ⇒ companhões (testicles)
- Spanish: compañón
- Old Galician-Portuguese: companhão
References
- ^ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “companio”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 2: C Q K, page 968