distinguir

Galician

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

 
  • IPA(key): (standard) /distiŋˈɡiɾ/ [d̪is̺.t̪iŋˈɡiɾ]
  • IPA(key): (gheada) /distiŋˈħiɾ/ [d̪is̺.t̪iŋˈħiɾ]

  • Rhymes: -iɾ
  • Hyphenation: dis‧tin‧guir

Verb

distinguir (first-person singular present distingo, first-person singular preterite distinguín, past participle distinguido)
distinguir (first-person singular present distingo, first-person singular preterite distinguim or distingui, past participle distinguido, short past participle distinto, reintegrationist norm)

  1. to distinguish

Conjugation

    Conjugation of distinguir (g-gu alternation)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(ti) 		Third-person
(el / ela / Vde.) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal distinguir
Personal distinguir distinguires distinguir distinguirmos distinguirdes distinguiren
Gerund
distinguindo
Past participle
Masculine distinguido distinguidos
Feminine distinguida distinguidas
Indicative
Present distingo distingues distingue distinguimos distinguides distinguen
Imperfect distinguía distinguías distinguía distinguiamos distinguiades distinguían
Preterite distinguín distinguiches distinguiu distinguimos distinguistes distinguiron
Pluperfect distinguira distinguiras distinguira distinguiramos distinguirades distinguiran
Future distinguirei distinguirás distinguirá distinguiremos distinguiredes distinguirán
Conditional distinguiría distinguirías distinguiría distinguiriamos distinguiriades distinguirían
Subjunctive
Present distinga distingas distinga distingamos distingades distingan
Imperfect distinguise distinguises distinguise distinguísemos distinguísedes distinguisen
Future distinguir distinguires distinguir distinguirmos distinguirdes distinguiren
Imperative
Affirmative distingue distinga distingamos distinguide distingan
Negative (non) non distingas non distinga non distingamos non distingades non distingan
    Reintegrated conjugation of distinguir (irregular short past participle; g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(ti / tu) 		Third-person
(ele / ela / você) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal distinguir
Personal distinguir distinguires distinguir distinguirmos distinguirdes distinguirem
Gerund
distinguindo
Short past participle
Masculine distinto1 distintos1
Feminine distinta1 distintas1
Long past participle
Masculine distinguido2 distinguidos2
Feminine distinguida2 distinguidas2
Indicative
Present distingo distingues distingue distinguimos distinguides, distinguis distinguem
Imperfect distinguia distinguias distinguia distinguíamos distinguíades, distinguíeis, distinguíais3 distinguiam
Preterite distinguim, distingui distinguiste, distinguiche3 distinguiu distinguimos distinguistes distinguírom, distinguiram
Pluperfect distinguira distinguiras distinguira distinguíramos distinguírades, distinguíreis, distinguírais3 distinguiram
Future distinguirei distinguirás distinguirá distinguiremos distinguiredes, distinguireis distinguirám, distinguirão
Conditional distinguiria distinguirias distinguiria distinguiríamos distinguiríades, distinguiríeis, distinguiríais3 distinguiriam
Subjunctive
Present distinga distingas distinga distingamos distingades, distingais distingam
Imperfect distinguisse distinguisses distinguisse distinguíssemos distinguíssedes, distinguísseis distinguissem
Future distinguir distinguires distinguir distinguirmos distinguirdes distinguirem
Imperative
Affirmative distingue distinga distingamos distinguide, distingui distingam
Negative (nom) nom distingas nom distinga nom distingamos nom distingades, nom distingais nom distingam

1Usually used with auxiliary verbs ser and estar.
2Usually used with auxiliary verbs haver and ter.
3Less recommended.

Further reading

Occitan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin distinguere.

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Béarn):(file)

Verb

distinguir

  1. to distinguish
    Synonym: diferenciar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of distinguir in Lengadocian (Central Occitan)
simple compound
infinitive distinguir ?er distinguit
past participle distinguit —
gerund distinguissent ?ent distinguit
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present distinguissi distinguisses distinguís distinguissèm distinguissètz distinguisson
imperfect distinguissiái distinguissiás distinguissiá distinguissiam distinguissiatz distinguissián
preterite distinguiguèri distinguiguères distinguiguèt distinguiguèrem distinguiguèretz distinguiguèron
future distinguirai distinguiràs distinguirà distinguirem distinguiretz distinguiràn
conditional distinguiriái distinguiriás distinguiriá distinguiriam distinguiriatz distinguirián
conditional 2nd form1 distinguiguèra distinguiguèras distinguiguèra distinguigueram distinguigueratz distinguiguèran
compound
tenses 		present perfect use the present tense of ?er plus the past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of ?er plus the past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of ?er plus the past participle
future perfect use the future tense of ?er plus the past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of ?er plus the past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present distinguisca distinguiscas distinguisca distinguiscam distinguiscatz distinguiscan
imperfect distinguiguèsse distinguiguèsses distinguiguèsse distinguiguèssem distinguiguèssetz distinguiguèsson
compound
tenses 		past use the present subjunctive of ?er plus the past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of ?er plus the past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
distinguís distinguiscam distinguissetz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin distinguere.

Pronunciation

 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /d͡ʒis.t͡ʃĩˈɡi(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒis.t͡ʃĩˈɡi(h)], /d͡ʒis.t͡ʃĩˈɡwi(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒis.t͡ʃĩˈɡwi(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /d͡ʒis.t͡ʃĩˈɡi(ɾ)/, /d͡ʒis.t͡ʃĩˈɡwi(ɾ)/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /d͡ʒiʃ.t͡ʃĩˈɡi(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒiʃ.t͡ʃĩˈɡi(χ)], /d͡ʒiʃ.t͡ʃĩˈɡwi(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒiʃ.t͡ʃĩˈɡwi(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /d͡ʒis.t͡ʃĩˈɡi(ɻ)/, /d͡ʒis.t͡ʃĩˈɡwi(ɻ)/
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /dɨʃ.tĩˈɡiɾ/, /diʃ.tĩˈɡiɾ/
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /dɨʃ.tĩˈɡi.ɾi/, /diʃ.tĩˈɡi.ɾi/

  • Hyphenation: dis‧tin‧guir

Verb

distinguir (first-person singular present distingo, first-person singular preterite distingui, past participle distinguido, short past participle distinto)

  1. to distinguish, discern (tell apart)
  2. to differentiate

Conjugation

    Conjugation of distinguir (irregular short past participle; g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(tu) 		Third-person
(ele / ela / você) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal distinguir
Personal distinguir distinguires distinguir distinguirmos distinguirdes distinguirem
Gerund
distinguindo
Short past participle
Masculine distinto1 distintos1
Feminine distinta1 distintas1
Long past participle
Masculine distinguido2 distinguidos2
Feminine distinguida2 distinguidas2
Indicative
Present distingo distingues distingue distinguimos distinguis distinguem
Imperfect distinguia distinguias distinguia distinguíamos distinguíeis distinguiam
Preterite distingui distinguiste distinguiu distinguimos distinguistes distinguiram
Pluperfect distinguira distinguiras distinguira distinguíramos distinguíreis distinguiram
Future distinguirei distinguirás distinguirá distinguiremos distinguireis distinguirão
Conditional distinguiria distinguirias distinguiria distinguiríamos distinguiríeis distinguiriam
Subjunctive
Present distinga distingas distinga distingamos distingais distingam
Imperfect distinguisse distinguisses distinguisse distinguíssemos distinguísseis distinguissem
Future distinguir distinguires distinguir distinguirmos distinguirdes distinguirem
Imperative
Affirmative distingue distinga distingamos distingui distingam
Negative (não) não distingas não distinga não distingamos não distingais não distingam

1Usually used with auxiliary verbs ser and estar.
2Usually used with auxiliary verbs haver and ter.

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin distinguere.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /distinˈɡiɾ/ [d̪is.t̪ĩŋˈɡiɾ]
  • Rhymes: -iɾ
  • Syllabification: dis‧tin‧guir

Verb

distinguir (first-person singular present distingo, first-person singular preterite distinguí, past participle distinguido)

  1. to distinguish, discern
  2. to differentiate, set apart
    • 1915, Julio Vicuña Cifuentes, Mitos y Supersticiones Recogidos de la Tradición Oral Chilena, page 79:
      La ciencia innata del Perspicaz no tiene nada de diabólico; antes por el contrario, parece que proviene de Dios, que ha querido distinguirlo, premiando acaso en él la virtud de los padres.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  3. to make out, manage to see, hear etc.
    No distingo el número de la casa
    I cannot make out the house number.
  4. (reflexive) to stand out, be distinguishable or differentiable, to distinguish oneself
    Se distinguen por su acento
    They stand out because of their accent.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of distinguir (g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive distinguir
gerund distinguiendo
past participle masculine feminine
singular distinguido distinguida
plural distinguidos distinguidas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos 		él/ella/ello
usted 		nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ellos/ellas
ustedes
present distingo distinguestú
distinguísvos 		distingue distinguimos distinguís distinguen
imperfect distinguía distinguías distinguía distinguíamos distinguíais distinguían
preterite distinguí distinguiste distinguió distinguimos distinguisteis distinguieron
future distinguiré distinguirás distinguirá distinguiremos distinguiréis distinguirán
conditional distinguiría distinguirías distinguiría distinguiríamos distinguiríais distinguirían
subjunctive yo tú
vos 		él/ella/ello
usted 		nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ellos/ellas
ustedes
present distinga distingastú
distingásvos2 		distinga distingamos distingáis distingan
imperfect
(ra) 		distinguiera distinguieras distinguiera distinguiéramos distinguierais distinguieran
imperfect
(se) 		distinguiese distinguieses distinguiese distinguiésemos distinguieseis distinguiesen
future1 distinguiere distinguieres distinguiere distinguiéremos distinguiereis distinguieren
imperative — tú
vos 		usted nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ustedes
affirmative distinguetú
distinguívos 		distinga distingamos distinguid distingan
negative no distingas no distinga no distingamos no distingáis no distingan

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of distinguir (g-gu alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive distinguir dative distinguirme distinguirte distinguirle, distinguirse distinguirnos distinguiros distinguirles, distinguirse
accusative distinguirme distinguirte distinguirlo, distinguirla, distinguirse distinguirnos distinguiros distinguirlos, distinguirlas, distinguirse
with gerund distinguiendo dative distinguiéndome distinguiéndote distinguiéndole, distinguiéndose distinguiéndonos distinguiéndoos distinguiéndoles, distinguiéndose
accusative distinguiéndome distinguiéndote distinguiéndolo, distinguiéndola, distinguiéndose distinguiéndonos distinguiéndoos distinguiéndolos, distinguiéndolas, distinguiéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative distingue dative distíngueme distínguete distínguele distínguenos not used distíngueles
accusative distíngueme distínguete distínguelo, distínguela distínguenos not used distínguelos, distínguelas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative distinguí dative distinguime distinguite distinguile distinguinos not used distinguiles
accusative distinguime distinguite distinguilo, distinguila distinguinos not used distinguilos, distinguilas
with formal second-person singular imperative distinga dative distíngame not used distíngale, distíngase distínganos not used distíngales
accusative distíngame not used distíngalo, distíngala, distíngase distínganos not used distíngalos, distíngalas
with first-person plural imperative distingamos dative not used distingámoste distingámosle distingámonos distingámoos distingámosles
accusative not used distingámoste distingámoslo, distingámosla distingámonos distingámoos distingámoslos, distingámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative distinguid dative distinguidme not used distinguidle distinguidnos distinguíos distinguidles
accusative distinguidme not used distinguidlo, distinguidla distinguidnos distinguíos distinguidlos, distinguidlas
with formal second-person plural imperative distingan dative distínganme not used distínganle distíngannos not used distínganles, distínganse
accusative distínganme not used distínganlo, distínganla distíngannos not used distínganlos, distínganlas, distínganse

See also

Further reading

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