estragar

• astragar

13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese estragar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *stragāre, from Latin strāges (“defeat, slaughter”).

• IPA^(key): /estɾaˈɣaɾ/

estragar (first-person singular present estrago, first-person singular preterite estraguei, past participle estragado)

1. (transitive) to spoil, damage, corrupt, waste

   As chuvias estragaron a colleita. ― The rains ruined the harvest.

   • 1295, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 11:

     ouverõ alj outrosi muy grãdes lides conos mouros, et uençerõnos et astragarõ toda essa terra a ferro et a fogo

     they had there other large battles with the Moors, and they defeated them and wasted all that land with fire and iron

2. (pronominal) to go bad (of foods and commodities)

   Synonym: gorar

   Esas laranxas estragáronse. ― These oranges have gone bad.

• estrago

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “estragar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “strag”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “estragar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “estragar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “estragar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “estragar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “estragar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

From Old Galician-Portuguese estragar, from Vulgar Latin *strāgāre, from Latin strāgēs (“defeat, slaughter”).

estragar (first-person singular present estrago, first-person singular preterite estraguei, past participle estragado)

1. to spoil, to damage, to corrupt, to ruin, to break

   As chuvas estragaram a colheita. ― The rains ruined the harvest.

   Você estragou o meu computador! ― You broke / ruined my computer!

2. to botch, bungle

   Ele não estraga nada. ― He doesn't screw anything up.

3. to go bad (of foods and commodities)

   Estas laranjas estragaram-se. ― These oranges have gone bad.

Inherited from Old Spanish estragar, from Vulgar Latin *stragāre, from Latin strāges (“defeat, slaughter”), from Proto-Indo-European *sterh₃- whence English strew and destroy.

• IPA^(key): /estɾaˈɡaɾ/ [es.t̪ɾaˈɣ̞aɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: es‧tra‧gar

estragar (first-person singular present estrago, first-person singular preterite estragué, past participle estragado)

1. (transitive) to spoil, corrupt
2. (transitive) to destroy, raze, ruin, ravage

• “estragar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024