hong

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

hong

1. (obsolete) past of hang
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

     Lyke an huge cave hewne out of rocky clifte,
     From whose rough vaut the ragged breaches hong

From Cantonese 行 (hong4, “trade, business”). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Could someone with knowledge of Cantonese verify this etymology? Is it a shortening of 洋行”)

• (UK) IPA^(key): /hɒŋ/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /hɔŋ/
  • (cot–caught merger) IPA^(key): /hɑŋ/
• Rhymes: -ɒŋ

hong (plural hongs)

1. A foreign trading company in China.
   • 1901, Hezekiah Butterworth, “1.Strange Things to Be Seen in China – Jataka Tales – the Boxers – American Tea-farms”, in Traveller Tales of China or the Story-Telling Hongs, Boston: Dana Estes & Company, page 11:

     "You and your son are about to visit China," said a Chinese agent of an old and established hong in Canton. […] The speaker was Ah Hue, or Ah Hue-Ling. He had made a reputation for honorable dealing as an agent of the tea trade.

   • 1935, William Ukers, All About Tea:

     In this partly manufactured state they are sold to collectors, who re-sell them to tea hongs, or factories, and these hongs in turn resell to middlemen, who supply the foreign exporter.

   • 1997 August 7, “Superman versus the hong”, in The Economist‎^[1], →ISSN:

     Even though China's red flag now flutters above them, some 40% of the offices are still owned by Hongkong Land, an immensely wealthy company that is part of the Jardine Matheson group, the biggest of the British-owned “hongs” and the one that did most to establish the British territory.

• Gohn

Borrowed from Hokkien 鳳凰／凤凰 (hōng-hông, “fenghuang”).

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈhoŋ/ [ˈhoŋ]
• Rhymes: -oŋ
• Syllabification: hong

hong (plural hong-hong)

1. (Chinese mythology) fenghuang: a mythological Chinese chimerical bird whose physical body symbolizes the six celestial bodies

   Synonym: fenghuang

2. (mythology) phoenix: a mythological bird, said to be the only one of its kind, which lives for 500 years and then dies by burning to ashes on a pyre of its own making, ignited by the sun. It then arises anew from the ashes

   Synonyms: feniks, foniks, funiks

• “hong” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

hong m

1. h-prothesized form of ong

hong

1. h-prothesized form of ong

From Proto-Finnic *honka. Cognates include Finnish honka.

hong

1. forest pine

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

From Dutch gom (“gum; eraser”).

• IPA^(key): /ˈhoŋ/, [ˈhõŋ]
• Hyphenation: hong

hong (Lontara spelling ᨖᨚ)

1. an eraser

• Cense, A. A. (1979) Makassaars-Nederlands woordenboek, 's-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

hong

1. nonstandard spelling of hōng
2. nonstandard spelling of hóng
3. nonstandard spelling of hǒng
4. nonstandard spelling of hòng

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

From Japanese 本 (hon).

hong

1. book

• hong in Palauan Language Online: Palauan-English Dictionary, at tekinged.com.
• hong in Palauan-English Dictionary, at trussel2.com.
• hong in Lewis S. Josephs, Edwin G. McManus, Masa-aki Emesiochel (1977) Palauan-English Dictionary, University Press of Hawaii, →ISBN, page 91.

From Proto-Finnic *honka.

hong

1. old or dead forest pine

Compare Chinese 烘 (hōng), Thai แห้ง (hɛ̂ɛng).

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [hawŋ͡m˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [hawŋ͡m˧˧] ~ [hɔŋ˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [hawŋ͡m˧˧]

hong • (𣈞, 𤈤)

1. to dry (in the wind, sun, or near the fire)

• (Standard Zhuang) IPA^(key): /hoːŋ˨˦/
• Tone numbers: hong¹
• Hyphenation: hong

From Chinese 工 (OC *koːŋ).

hong (Sawndip forms 𰏊 or ⿱功大 or 慌 or ⿰工空 or ⿱红工 or 啌 or 空 or 康 or 𭘎 or ⿱䒑巷 or 控, 1957–1982 spelling hoŋ)

1. work; labor

   Synonym: goeng

From Proto-Tai *χɔːŋᴬ (“thing”). Cognate with Thai ของ (kɔ̌ɔng), Northern Thai ᨡᩬᨦ, Lao ຂອງ (khǭng), Lü ᦃᦸᧂ (ẋoang), Tai Dam ꪄꪮꪉ, Shan ၶွင် (khǎung), Zuojiang Zhuang kong.

hong (1957–1982 spelling hoŋ)

1. (dialectal) thing; object

   Synonyms: doenghyiengh, doxgaiq, (dialectal) swhyiengh

hong

1. open

• http://www.languageinindia.com/feb2013/zouphonologyfinal.pdf