鳳凰
Chinese
| male Chinese phoenix | female Chinese phoenix | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (鳳凰) | 鳳 | 凰 | |
| simp. (凤凰) | 凤 | 凰 | |
| alternative forms | 鳳皇/凤皇 | ||
| anagram | 凰鳳/凰凤 | ||
Etymology
Miyake (2015) reconstructs Old Chinese pronunciation *N-prəm-s ɢʷˁɑŋ and proposes, though with uncertainty, that the mythical bird's name is the affixed form of 風皇 (“wind sovereign”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: fènghuáng → fènghuang (toneless final syllable variant)
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄥˋ ㄏㄨㄤˊ → ㄈㄥˋ ˙ㄏㄨㄤ (toneless final syllable variant)
- Tongyong Pinyin: fònghuång
- Wade–Giles: fêng4-huang5
- Yale: fèng-hwang
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenq.hwang
- Palladius: фэнхуан (fɛnxuan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɤŋ⁵¹ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/ → /fɤŋ⁵¹ xu̯ɑŋ¹/
- (Dungan)
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: fung6 wong4
- Yale: fuhng wòhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: fung6 wong4
- Guangdong Romanization: fung6 wong4
- Sinological IPA (key): /fʊŋ²² wɔːŋ²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: fuung5 vong3
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɵŋ³² vɔŋ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fung-fòng
- Hakka Romanization System: fung fongˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: fung4 fong2
- Sinological IPA: /fuŋ⁵⁵ foŋ¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: fung˖ fong
- Sinological IPA: /fuŋ³³ foŋ⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hōng-hông
- Tâi-lô: hōng-hông
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoxnghoong
- IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ²²⁻²¹ hɔŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ²²⁻²¹ hɔŋ¹³/
- IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ hɔŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ³³⁻²¹ hɔŋ²³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: hong6 uang5 / hong6 huang5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hŏng uâng / hŏng huâng
- Sinological IPA (key): /hoŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ uaŋ⁵⁵/, /hoŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ huaŋ⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: bjuwngH hwang
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*bums ɡʷaːŋ/
Noun
鳳凰
- (Chinese mythology) fenghuang; the "Chinese phoenix" (Classifier: 隻/只 m)
- 鳳皇鳴矣,於彼高岡。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Fènghuáng míng yǐ, yú bǐ gāo gāng. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
凤皇鸣矣,于彼高冈。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
- phoenix
Usage notes
In modern usage, 鳳凰 is often transliterated as fenghuang in English for distinction, while phoenix is also translated literally as 不死鳥/不死鸟 (bùsǐniǎo, literally “immortal bird”) in Chinese.
Synonyms
Derived terms
- 山雞變鳳凰 / 山鸡变凤凰
- 捧鳳凰似的 / 捧凤凰似的
- 老鴰窩裡出鳳凰 / 老鸹窝里出凤凰
- 落水的鳳凰不如雞 / 落水的凤凰不如鸡 (luòshuǐ de fènghuáng bùrú jī)
- 金鳳凰 / 金凤凰
- 雞棲鳳凰食 / 鸡栖凤凰食
- 飛上枝頭變鳳凰 / 飞上枝头变凤凰
- 鳳凰于飛 / 凤凰于飞
- 鳳凰來儀 / 凤凰来仪
- 鳳凰在笯 / 凤凰在笯 (fènghuáng zài nú)
- 鳳凰城 / 凤凰城 (Fènghuángchéng)
- 鳳凰山 / 凤凰山 (Fènghuángshān)
- 鳳凰木 / 凤凰木 (fènghuángmù)
- 鳳凰池 / 凤凰池
- 鳳凰無寶處不落 / 凤凰无宝处不落
- 鳳凰男 / 凤凰男 (fènghuángnán)
- 鳳凰竹 / 凤凰竹
- 鳳凰簫 / 凤凰箫
- 鳳凰臺 / 凤凰台
- 鳳凰花專線 / 凤凰花专线
- 鳳凰蛋 / 凤凰蛋
- 鳳凰飛上梧桐樹 / 凤凰飞上梧桐树
- 鴉窩裡出鳳凰 / 鸦窝里出凤凰
- 麻雀變鳳凰 / 麻雀变凤凰
Proper noun
鳳凰
- one of the era names of Last Emperor of Wu (272–274)
- (~縣) Fenghuang (a county of Xiangxi prefecture, Hunan, China)
- (~街道) Fenghuang (a subdistrict of Echeng district, Ezhou, Hubei, China)
- (~鎮) Fenghuang (name of various towns in China)
- (~村) Fenghuang (a village in Zhonglu, Lichuan, Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China)
Descendants
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 鳳 | 凰 |
| ほう Jinmeiyō |
おう Jinmeiyō |
| on'yomi | |
Alternative forms
Etymology
/pouwau/ → /ɸoːwɔː/ → /hoːɔː/ → /hoːoː/
Borrowing from Chinese 鳳凰 / 凤凰 (fènghuáng, literally “male fire-bird + female fire-bird”),[1][2][3] date of borrowing unknown.
Pronunciation
Noun
- (Chinese mythology) fenghuang: a fabled Chinese fire-bird
- Synonyms: 大鳥 (ōtori), 鳳鳥 (hōchō)
- a style of 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with a stylized fenghuang
- Hyponyms: 鳳凰丸 (hōō-maru), 桐に鳳凰 (kiri ni hōō)
- (shogi) phoenix: a piece in 中将棋 (chū-shōgi) and larger shogi variants
Derived terms
See also
See also
Proper noun
- a type of incense
- a place name
- a female given name
- a surname
Derived terms
- 鳳凰山 (Hōō-san)
References
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ “鳳凰”, in 改訂新版 世界大百科事典 (Kaitei Shinpan Sekai Dai-hyakka Jiten, “Heibonsha World Encyclopedia Revised Edition”)[1] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 2007, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 鳳 | 凰 |
Noun
鳳凰 • (bonghwang) (hangeul 봉황)
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 鳳 | 凰 |
Verb
鳳凰
- chữ Hán form of phượng hoàng (“phoenix”)