凡

凡 (Kangxi radical 16, 几+1, 3 strokes, cangjie input 竹弓戈 (HNI), four-corner 7721₀, composition ⿵几丶)

• 𠆩, 𪞖, 㕨, 𪢵, 𫰉, 𭒺, 帆, 𫶿, 忛, 汎, 䏎, 杋, 𬂢, 𤆘, 𤖫, 𤜦, 㺬, 𤬨, 𡴉, 𥃵, 矾, 𬗄, 舤, 舧, 䖠, 訉, 𨈔, 軓, 𨟱, 釩(钒), 𨥵, 𠙜, 𩖛, 𩚑, 䭵, 𣔗, 𢔫, 骪, 𠔮, 𠥷, 𬹐, 𣋰, 𨙮, 𩾨
• 𪜠, 㞩, 竼, 芃, 𠘻, 𭴄, 𭃓, 𠫨, 梵, 𤈺, 𫷵, 𪎒, 𩬰, 䴟, 𠙩, 𠙮, 𠙱, 𮚝
• 風, 鳳 (originally contain 凡)

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 134, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1739
• Dae Jaweon: page 299, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 276, character 3
• Unihan data for U+51E1

Pictogram (象形) – a plate, a flat dish. See also 風 and 同. Unrelated to 几.

Borrowed for abstract meanings. Another character 盤 (OC *baːn) was created to refer to the original word.

As an alternative, a bucket. If the character represents a bucket, part of its original meaning could be preserved in 同 and in turn in 筒 (OC *doːŋ, *doːŋs, “bucket”).

According to Schuessler (2007), Sino-Tibetan in origin; compare Mizo pum (“whole; all”), Burmese ဘုံ (bhum, “common, public, communal”). See also 法 (OC *pqab, “law”), which may be related, as well as 範 (OC *bomʔ, “pattern, model”).

凡

1. in general; every, all, any; indicates that the statement applies generally, to all cases.

   • 凡為人子之禮：冬溫而夏凊，昏定而晨省，在醜夷不爭。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
     凡为人子之礼：冬温而夏凊，昏定而晨省，在丑夷不争。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]

     From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE

     Fán wèi rénzǐ zhī lǐ: dōng wēn ér xià qìng, hūn dìng ér chén xǐng, zài chǒuyí bù zhēng. [Pinyin]

     For all sons it is the rule: In winter, to warm [the bed for their parents], and to cool it in summer; in the evening, to adjust everything [for their repose], and to inquire [about their health] in the morning; and, when with their companions, not to quarrel.

   • 凡被造的，沒有一樣不是藉著他造的。 [MSC, trad.]
     凡被造的，没有一样不是借着他造的。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 新標點和合本 (Chinese Union Version with New Punctuation), 約翰福音 (John) 1:3

     Fán bèi zào de, méiyǒu yīyàng bùshì jièzhe tā zào de. [Pinyin]

     Without him was not any thing made that was made.

2. altogether; in total (of numbers)

   • 君一位，卿一位，大夫一位，上士一位，中士一位，下士一位，凡六等。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad. and simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE

     Jūn yī wèi, qīng yī wèi, dàfū yī wèi, shàngshì yī wèi, zhōngshì yī wèi, xiàshì yī wèi, fán liù děng. [Pinyin]

     The Ruler again constituted one dignity; the Chief Minister one; the Great Officers one; the Scholars of the First Class one; those of the Middle Class one; and those of the Lowest Class one - altogether six degrees of dignity.

3. ordinary; commonplace

   非凡  ―  fēifán  ―  extraordinary

   凡人  ―  fánrén  ―  common people

4. worldly; mortal; earthly
5. (literary) outline; gist
6. a surname

• (antonym(s) of “ordinary”): 偉 / 伟 (wěi) (extraordinary)

凡

1. (music) Kunqu gongche notation for the note fa (4).

   Synonym: 反 (Cantonese opera)

• “凡”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

(Jōyō kanji)

1. in general, by and large
2. ordinary, common, mediocre
3. outline, gist

• Go-on: ぼん (bon, Jōyō)^{←ぼん (bon, historical)←ぼむ (bomu, ancient)}
• Kan-on: はん (han, Jōyō ^†)^{←はん (fan, historical)←はむ (famu, ancient)}
• Kun: おお (ō, 凡)^{←おほ (ofo, 凡, historical)}、おおし (ōshi, 凡)^{←おほし (ofosi, 凡, historical)}、おおよそ (ōyoso, 凡)^{←おほよそ (ofoyoso, 凡, historical)}、およそ (oyoso, 凡そ)、すべて (subete, 凡て)
• Nanori: おおち (ōchi)^{←おほち (ofoti, historical)}、おし (oshi)、ただし (tadashi)、ちか (chika)、つね (tsune)、なみ (nami)、ひろし (hiroshi)

*/bɨəm/ → /bomʉ/ → /boɴ/

From Middle Chinese 凡 (MC bjom).

• (Tokyo) ぼん [bóꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [bõ̞ɴ]

凡(ぼん) • (bon) -na (adnominal 凡(ぼん)な (bon na), adverbial 凡(ぼん)に (bon ni))

1. mediocre, ordinary

   Antonym: 非凡 (hibon)

• 凡(ぼん)ミス (bon misu)

凡(ぼん) • (bon) 

1. mediocrity

   Antonym: 非凡 (hibon)

/opo/ → /ofo/ → /oho/ → /oː/

From Old Japanese.

Cognate with 大 (ō, “great, large”), and the oho- element in おほほし (ohohoshi, “unclear, indistinct; depressed, gloomy; stupid, imbecilic”).^[2][1]

Historically also realized as obo in old texts, and cognate with the obo- element in 朧 (oboro, “hazy, vague, dim, indistinct”).^[2][1]

• IPA^(key): [o̞ː]

凡(おお) • (ō) ^{←おほ (ofo)?†}-nari

1. (archaic) dim, faint

   Synonym: 仄か (honoka)

   • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 2, poem 219:
     , text here

     天(そら)數(かぞふ)凡津(おほつの)子之(こが)相(あひし)日(ひに)於保(おほ)尓(に)見(み)敷(しか)者(ば)今(いま)叙(ぞ)悔(くやしき) [Man'yōgana]

     空数(そらかぞ)ふ大(おほ)津(つ)の子(こ)が逢(あ)ひし日(ひ)におぼに見(み)しかば今(いま)ぞ悔(くや)しき [Modern spelling]

     sora kazou Ōtsu no ko ga aishi hi ni oboni mishikaba ima zo kuyashiki

     (please add an English translation of this example)

2. (archaic) moderate

   Synonym: いい加減 (iikagen)

   • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 14, poem 3535:
     , text here

     於能我乎遠(おのがをを)於保(おほ)尓奈於毛比曽(になおもひそ)尓波尓多知(にはにたち)恵麻須我可良尓(ゑますがからに)古麻尓安布毛能乎(こまにあふものを) [Man'yōgana]

     己(おの)が命(を)をおほにな思(おも)ひそ庭(には)に立(た)ち笑(ゑ)ますがからに駒(こま)に逢(あ)ふものを [Modern spelling]

     onoga o o ōni na omoi so niwa ni tachi emasu ga kara ni koma ni au mono o

     (please add an English translation of this example)

3. (archaic) mediocre, ordinary

   Synonyms: 普通 (futsū), 平凡 (heibon)

   • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 6, poem 965:
     , text here

     凡(おほ)有(なら)者(ば)左毛右毛将為乎(かもかもせむを)恐(かしこみ)跡(と)振痛袖(ふりたきそで)乎(を)忍(しのび)而(て)有(ある)香聞(かも) [Man'yōgana]

     おほならばかもかもせむを畏(かしこ)みと振(ふ)りたき袖(そで)を忍(しの)びてあるかも [Modern spelling]

     ōnaraba ka mo ka mo semu o kashikomi to furitaki sode o shinobite aru ka mo

     (please add an English translation of this example)

4. (archaic) 大: large, big; roomy, loose

• 朧(おぼろ) (oboro, “hazy”)

From Old Japanese.

Appears to be a lexicalized adverbial use of the 終止形 (shūshikei, “terminal form”) of classical adjective 多し (ōshi, “many”, modern 多い (ōi), same opo → ofo → oho → ō root).

Alternatively, might be adjective stem ō + conjunctive particle し (shi).

• IPA^(key): [o̞ːɕi]

凡(おおし) • (ōshi) ^{←おほし (ofosi)?}

1. about, generally, in general

   Synonyms: 凡そ (oyoso), 大体 (daitai)

• 凡(おおし)河(こ)内(うち) (Ōshikōchi, a surname)

凡 (eumhun 무릇 범 (mureut beom))

1. hanja form^? of 범 (“all, any, every”)
2. hanja form^? of 범 (“ordinary, common”)

凡: Hán Nôm readings: phàm

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.