嵐

See also: 岚
嵐 U+5D50, 嵐
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5D50
← 嵏
[U+5D4F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 嵑 →
[U+5D51]
嵐 U+F921, 嵐
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F921
← 鸞
[U+F920] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 濫 →
[U+F922]

Translingual

Han character

嵐 (Kangxi radical 46, 山+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 山竹弓戈 (UHNI), four-corner 22217, composition ⿱山風)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 316, character 25
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8289
  • Dae Jaweon: page 617, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 788, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+5D50

Usage notes

Note the difference in meaning in Chinese ("mountain mist") and Japanese ("storm").

Chinese

trad. 嵐
simp. 岚

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (凡) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
嵐 *b·ruːm
葻 *b·uːm
釩 *pʰomʔ
汎 *pʰoms, *bum
凡 *bom
帆 *bom, *boms
颿 *bom, *boms
軓 *bomʔ
梵 *bloms, *bum
芃 *boːŋ, *bum
風 *plum, *plums
飌 *plum
楓 *plum
猦 *plum
偑 *plum
檒 *plum
瘋 *plum
諷 *plums
堸 *blum
渢 *blum
鳳 *bums

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *b·ruːm): semantic 山 (“mountain”) + abbreviated phonetic 葻 (OC *b·uːm)

Pronunciation

Note:
  • nam5 - Shantou;
  • lam5 - Chaozhou.
Rime
Character 嵐
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 覃 (159)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 盧含切
Baxter lom
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/lʌm/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ləm/
Shao
Rongfen 		/lɒm/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ləm/
Li
Rong 		/lᴀm/
Wang
Li 		/lɒm/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/lăm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		lán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		laam4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 嵐
Reading # 1/1
No. 2910
Phonetic
component 		凡
Rime
group 		侵
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		婪
Old
Chinese 		/*b·ruːm/

Definitions

嵐

  1. (literary) mountain mist
  2. Used in place names.

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

嵐

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. fresh energy from the mountains
  2. storm, tempest

Readings

  • Go-on: らん (ran)←らん (ran, historical)←らむ (ramu, ancient)
  • Kan-on: らん (ran)←らん (ran, historical)←らむ (ramu, ancient)
  • Kun: あらし (arashi, 嵐, Jōyō)

Compounds

  • 嵐(らん)気(き) (ranki, “mountain mist, mountain air”)
  • 嵐(らん)山(ざん) (Ranzan, “Storm Mountain”)
  • 嵐(らん)翠(すい) (ransui)
  • 煙(えん)嵐(らん), 烟(えん)嵐(らん) (enran)
  • 香(こう)嵐(らん)渓(けい) (Kōrankei)
  • 秋(しゅう)嵐(らん) (shūran, “autumn storm”)
  • 春(しゅん)嵐(らん) (shunran, “spring storm”)
  • 翠(すい)嵐(らん) (suiran, “green storm”)
  • 晴(せい)嵐(らん) (seiran, “mountain vapor”)
  • 青(せい)嵐(らん) (seiran, “blue storm”)
  • 夕(せき)嵐(らん) (sekiran, “evening storm”)
  • 毘(ひ)嵐(らん) (hiran)
  • 五十(いが)嵐(らし) (Igarashi, surname)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
嵐
あらし
Grade: S
kun'yomi

/arasi/ → /araɕi/

From Old Japanese.

Derivation theories include:

Pronunciation

Noun

嵐(あらし) • (arashi) 

  1. a storm, tempest:
    1. a windstorm
      Synonyms: 嵐の風 (arashi no kaze), 暴風 (bōfū)
    2. a rainstorm
      嵐(あらし)の神(かみ)、ケラノス
      Arashi no Kami, Keranosu
      Keranos, God of Storms
      Synonym: 暴風雨 (bōfūu)
    3. a magnetic storm
      Synonyms: 磁気嵐 (jiki arashi), 地磁気嵐 (chijiki arashi)
  2. (figurative) a difficulty, discord, strife
    激(はげ)しい感(かん)情(じょう)の嵐(あらし)
    hageshii kanjō no arashi
    an uproar of emotion
  3. (archaic, obsolete) short for 嵐の日 (arashi no hi): the first day of the seventh month in the lunar calendar
Derived terms
  • 嵐(アラシ)草(グサ) (arashigusa)
  • 嵐(あらし)子(こ) (arashiko)
  • 嵐(あらし)の風(かぜ) (arashi no kaze)
  • 嵐(あらし)の大(たい)洋(よう) (Arashi no Taiyō, “Oceanus Procellarum”)
  • 嵐(あらし)の日(ひ) (arashi no hi)
  • 嵐(あらし)山(やま) (Arashiyama)
  • 青(あお)嵐(あらし) (aoarashi, “wind blowing over fresh verdure”)
  • 朝(あさ)嵐(あらし) (asārashi)
  • 芋(いも)嵐(あらし) (imoarashi)
  • 宇(う)宙(ちゅう)線(せん)嵐(あらし) (uchūsen arashi, “cosmic ray storm”)
  • 大(おお)嵐(あらし) (ōarashi, “raging storm”)
  • 毛(け)嵐(あらし) (kearashi)
  • 砂(さ)塵(じん)嵐(あらし) (sajin arashi, “duststorm, sandstorm”)
  • 小(さ)夜(よ)嵐(あらし) (sayo arashi, “strong nighttime wind”)
  • 地(じ)嵐(あらし) (jiarashi)
  • 磁(じ)気(き)嵐(あらし) (jiki arashi, “magnetic storm”)
  • 砂(すな)嵐(あらし) (sunārashi, “sandstorm”)
  • 太(たい)陽(よう)嵐(あらし) (taiyō arashi, “solar storm”)
  • 地(ち)磁(じ)気(き)嵐(あらし) (chijiki arashi, “magnetic storm”)
  • 初(はつ)嵐(あらし) (hatsuarashi)
  • 花(はな)嵐(あらし) (hanārashi)
  • 鼻(はな)嵐(あらし) (hanārashi)
  • 春(はる)嵐(あらし) (haruarashi)
  • 肱(ひじ)川(かわ)嵐(あらし) (Hijikawa Arashi)
  • 山(やま)嵐(あらし) (yamārashi, “mountain storm; judo throwing technique”)
  • 夕(ゆう)嵐(あらし) (yūarashi)
  • 雪(ゆき)嵐(あらし) (yukiarashi)
  • 夜(よ)嵐(あらし) (yoarashi, “night storm”)
  • 四(よ)方(も)の嵐(あらし) (yomo no arashi)
  • 夜(よ)半(わ)の嵐(あらし) (yowa no arashi)
Idioms
Proverbs
  • 花(はな)に嵐(あらし) (hana ni arashi)

Proper noun

嵐(あらし) • (Arashi) 

  1. a female given name
  2. a surname

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
嵐
らん
Grade: S
on'yomi

/ram/ → /ramʉ/ → /ran/

From Middle Chinese 嵐 (MC lom).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ɾã̠ɴ]

Proper noun

嵐(らん) • (Ran) 

  1. a female given name

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō
  3. ^ Helen Craig McCullough (1985) Kokin Wakashū: The First Imperial Anthology of Japanese Poetry : with Tosa Nikki and Shinsen Waka, illustrated, reprint edition, Stanford University Press, →ISBN, page 63

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 嵐 (MC lom). Recorded as Middle Korean 남 (nam) (Yale: nam) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

嵐 (eumhun 남기(嵐氣) 람, word-initial (South Korea) 남기(嵐氣) 남)

  1. hanja form? of 람, 남 (“mountain mist”)

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]
  • Supreme Court of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 대법원, Daehanmin'guk Daebeobwon) (2018). Table of hanja for personal names (인명용 한자표 / 人名用漢字表, Inmyeong-yong hanja-pyo), page 11. [3]
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