kafir
See also: kâfir
English
Alternative forms
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic كَافِر (kāfir, “denier, unbeliever”). Doublet of kaffir.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈkæfə/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈkæfɚ/
- Rhymes: -æfə(ɹ)
Noun
kafir (countable and uncountable, plural kuffar or kafirs)
- (Islam, countable, offensive, religious slur, politics) A disbeliever, a denier: someone who rejects or disbelieves in Allah or the tenets of Islam; or more broadly any non-Muslim.
- Antonym: Muslim
- 2024 August 21, “Investigation Into Bangladeshi Preacher Amir Hamza’s Sermon in Singapore on 9 August 2024”, in Ministry of Home Affairs (Singapore)[4]:
- In his sermon, Amir Hamza espoused extremist and segregationist views. He inferred that non-Muslims are “kafir” (infidels).
- (uncountable) Ellipsis of kafir corn.
- 1914, Omar Orlando Churchill, Forage and Silage Crops for Oklahoma, page 10:
- Kafir makes better forage than the duras.
- 1918, Yearbook of the United States Department of Agriculture, page 568:
- Kafir is confined practically to the Southwestern States where, owing to its drought resistant character, it has become an important crop.
Usage notes
- Some people use the term to refer to any non-Muslim,[1] but others consider this an error.[2][3] The term is sometimes derogatory.[4][5][6]
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
infidel, non-Muslim
|
See also
References
- ^ Shaykh Al-Islam ibn Taymiyyah, v. 27, p. 264: “Whosoever does not forbid people from the deen of the Jews and Christians after the prophethood of the messenger Muhammad (saw) nor declares them kafir nor hates them, he is not a Muslim by the consensus of ALL Muslims, their scholars and the general public.”
- ^ Ahmed Affi, Hassan Affi Contemporary Interpretation of Islamic Law (Troubador Publishing Ltd 2014, →ISBN), page 12
- ^ Asghar Ali Engineer, Islam in Contemporary World (Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd 2007, →ISBN), xvi
- ^ Rajan, Julie (30 January 2015) Al Qaeda’s Global Crisis: The Islamic State, Takfir and the Genocide of Muslims[1], Routledge, retrieved 27 August 2015, page cii
- ^ Bunt, Gary (2009) Muslims[2], The Other Press, retrieved 27 August 2015, page ccxxiv
- ^ Pruniere, Gerard (1 January 2007) Darfur: The Ambiguous Genocide[3], Cornell University Press, retrieved 27 August 2015, page xvi
Anagrams
French
Noun
kafir m or f by sense (plural kafirs)
- alternative form of kâfir
Further reading
- “kafir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Indonesian
Etymology
From Malay kafir, from Classical Malay kafir (“infidel”), from Arabic كَافِر (kāfir, “denier, unbeliever”).
- The sense “non-Jew” is a semantic loan from Hebrew גּוֹי (goi, “nation”) and semantic loan from Ancient Greek ἐθνικός (ethnikós).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈkafir/ [ˈka.fɪr]
- Rhymes: -afir
- Syllabification: ka‧fir
Noun
kafir (plural kafir-kafir)
- (in general senses) unbeliever, non-believer, infidel
- (Islam) a kafir, a disbeliever, a denier, someone who denies the truths from Allah; or more broadly any non-Muslim
- (Christianity) non-Christian
- (Christianity, Jewish) gentile, non-Jew
Usage notes
This term is sometimes derogatory.
Derived terms
- kafirkan (“to kafirize, accuse being a kafir”)
- kekafiran (“kafirness”)
- pengafir (“one who kafirizes”)
- pengafiran (“kafirizing, kafirization”)
Further reading
- “kafir” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Malay
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic كَافِر (kāfir, “denier, unbeliever”).
Pronunciation
- (Johor-Riau) IPA(key): /ˈkafe(r)/ [ˈka.fe(r)]
- Rhymes: -afe(r), -fe(r), -e(r)
- (Baku) IPA(key): /ˈkafir/ [ˈka.fir]
- Rhymes: -afir, -fir, -ir
- Hyphenation: ka‧fir
Noun
kafir (Jawi spelling کافير, plural kafir-kafir)
- (Islam, offensive, religious slur) A kafir, a disbeliever, a denier: someone who denies the truths from Allah; or more broadly any non-Muslim.
Usage notes
- This term is considered offensive by non-Muslims.
- To avoid offence, terms such as orang bukan Islam and orang bukan Muslim, respectively meaning a person who is "non-Islam" and a person who is "non-Muslim", are often used instead.
Derived terms
Affixations
- kafir-mengkafirkan
- kafirkan
Compounds
- kafir harbi
- kafir Majusi
- kafir muahad
- kafir zimmi
Descendants
- > Indonesian: kafir (inherited)
Further reading
- “kafir” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈka.fir/
- Rhymes: -afir
- Syllabification: ka‧fir
Noun
kafir m pers
Declension
Declension of kafir
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | kafir | kafirzy/kafiry (deprecative) |
genitive | kafira | kafirów |
dative | kafirowi | kafirom |
accusative | kafira | kafirów |
instrumental | kafirem | kafirami |
locative | kafirze | kafirach |
vocative | kafirze | kafirzy |
Further reading
- kafir in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Swedish
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic كَافِر (kāfir).
Noun
kafir c
- (Islam) kafir
- 1910, Sven Hedin, Öfver land till Indien I[5], Albert Bonnier, accessed at Litteraturbanken.se, courtesy of Göteborgs universitetsbibliotek, archived from the original on 30 March 2025, page 157:
- Men jag är »kafir» i deras ögon och muhamedanerna äta icke från samma fat som en hedning.
- But I'm a "kafir" in their eyes, and Mohammedans don't eat from the same plate as a pagan.
- 2015 June 8, Maria Rashidi, “'När får vi vårt första svenska förortskalifat?'”, in Göteborgs-Posten[6], archived from the original on 6 April 2024:
- Egentligen talar hon om islamister som – till skillnad från många liberala, demokratiska och sekulära muslimer – anser att västerlänningar/kafirer är fiender till deras Gud.
- In reality, she's talking about islamists who – in contrast to many liberal, democratic, and secular Muslims – think that Westerners/kafirs are enemies of their God.
- 2017 May 15, Magda Gad, “Kan bli de värsta striderna hittills”, in Expressen[7], archived from the original on 25 April 2024:
- Saudis kungahus [...] välkomna[de] [...] amerikanska soldater, kafirer som inte tror på islam, till saudisk helig mark.
- The Saudi royal family welcomed American soldiers, kafirs who don't believe in Islam, to Saudi holy ground.
Declension
nominative | genitive | ||
---|---|---|---|
singular | indefinite | kafir | kafirs |
definite | kafiren | kafirens | |
plural | indefinite | kafirer | kafirers |
definite | kafirerna | kafirernas |
Related terms
- icke-muslim (“non-Muslim”)
References
- kafir in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- Kāfir in Nordisk familjebok (1st ed., 1884)