karang
Atong (India)
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /karaŋ/
Noun
karang (Bengali script কারাং)
References
- van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary.
Indonesian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkaraŋ]
- Hyphenation: ka‧rang
Etymology 1
From Malay karang, from Classical Malay karang, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *karaŋ (“coral, limestone”). Cognate with Old Javanese karaṅ (“coral, reef”).
Noun
karang (plural karang-karang)
- coral, a hard substance made of the limestone skeletons of marine polyps
- (proscribed) coral reef, a reef formed by compacted coral skeletons
Derived terms
- berkarang
- karang-karangan
- karangan
- mengarang
Etymology 2
From Javanese ꦏꦫꦁ (karang, “yard”), from Old Javanese karaṅ (“place, yard”).
Noun
karang (plural karang-karang)
Derived terms
- pekarangan
- karang balita
- karang gizi
- karang keputraan
- karang taruna
- karang werda
Etymology 3
From Malay karang, from Classical Malay karang, from Javanese ꦏꦫꦁ (karang, “article: piece of writing; flower headdress”), from Old Javanese karaṅ (“garland”).
Verb
karang
Derived terms
Further reading
- “karang” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Javanese
Romanization
karang
- romanization of ꦏꦫꦁ
Karao
Noun
karang
- span from the extended middle finger to the thumb
Makasar
Noun
karang (Lontara spelling ᨀᨑ)
- alternative spelling of karàng
Malay
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ka.raŋ]
- Rhymes: -raŋ, -aŋ
- Hyphenation: ka‧rang
Etymology 1
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *karaŋ (“coral, limestone”).
Noun
karang (Jawi spelling کارڠ, plural karang-karang)
- A coral.
- A coral reef.
- An atoll.
Affixations
- berkarang
- karang-karangan
- karangan
- perkarangan
- terkarang (archaic)
Compounds
- batu karang
- bunga karang
- penyakit karang
- tinjau karang
Etymology 2
Probably from Old Javanese karaṇa (“writer; poet”), from Sanskrit करण (karaṇa, “writer; scribe”).
Noun
karang (Jawi spelling کارڠ, plural karang-karang)
- A composition or arrangement.
- Synonyms: sunting, gubahan
Verb
karang (Jawi spelling کارڠ, active mengarang, 3rd person passive dikarang)
- To compose (of music, songs, and writing).
- To arrange (of flowers, pottery, and others).
- Synonym: gubah
- To make up, to fabricate.
Affixations
- karang-mengarang
- karangan
- karangkan
- kepengarangan
- pengarang
- terkarang
Etymology 3
Adverb
karang (Jawi spelling کارڠ)
Affixations
- sekarang (“now”)
Compounds
- malam karang
Etymology 4
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
karang (used in the form pekarangan)
- The front yard of a house.
- Kampung land.
Etymology 5
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
karang (Jawi spelling کارڠ, also used in the form karangan)
- (obsolete) An abode; a place where someone lives.
- Synonym: tempat tinggal
Etymology 6
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
karang (Jawi spelling کارڠ, plural karang-karang)
- archaic form of kerang
Etymology 7
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Adjective
karang (Jawi spelling کارڠ, only used in ilmu karang)
- (Jakarta) Invulnerable.
Etymology 8
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Adjective
karang (Jawi spelling کارڠ, only used in sebatang karang)
Further reading
- “karang” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Maranao
Noun
karang
Tagalog
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈkaɾaŋ/ [ˈkaː.ɾɐŋ]
- Rhymes: -aɾaŋ
- Syllabification: ka‧rang
Noun
karang (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜇᜅ᜔)
- temporary shed or awning
- shed or roof-covering for native boats, usually made of nipa or woven bamboo splits
- leather or felt uppers of shoes or slippers
- float used in parades
Derived terms
- ikarang
- karangan
- karangin
- magkarang
- palakarangan
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /kaˈɾaŋ/ [kɐˈɾaŋ]
- Rhymes: -aŋ
- Syllabification: ka‧rang
Noun
karáng (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜇᜅ᜔)
Derived terms
- ikarang
- karangan
- kumarang
Etymology 3
Borrowed from Malay karang, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *karaŋ (“coral, limestone”).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /kaˈɾaŋ/ [kɐˈɾaŋ]
- Rhymes: -aŋ
- Syllabification: ka‧rang
Noun
karáng (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜇᜅ᜔)
Further reading
- “karang”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Taroko
Noun
karang