kuasa

Indonesian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Malay kuasa, ke- +‎ *wasa, from Javanese ꦏꦸꦮꦱ (kuwasa), ꦏꦮꦱ (kawasa), from Old Javanese kawaśa, from Sanskrit वश (vaśa, “authority, power, control, dominion”).

Noun

kuasa (plural kuasa-kuasa)

  1. power:
    1. the ability to do or undergo something
      Synonym: tenaga
    2. the ability to coerce, influence or control
    3. (statistics) the probability that a statistical test will reject the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is true
  2. authority
    Synonym: otoritas
  3. (physics) force (anything that has the power to produce a physical effect)
    Synonym: daya (Standard Malay)
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Ultimately from Sanskrit अङ्कुश (aṅkuśa, “hook, elephant-driver's hook”). Doublet of kusa.

Noun

kuasa (plural kuasa-kuasa)

  1. goad, ankus
    Synonym: kusa

Further reading

Malay

Etymology

From Javanese ꦏꦸꦮꦱ (kuwasa), ꦏꦮꦱ (kawasa), from Sanskrit वश (vaśa, “authority, power, control, dominion”). Reconstructed as ke- +‎ *wasa.

Pronunciation

  • (Baku) IPA(key): /ˈkwasa/ [ˈkwa.sa]
  • (Johor-Riau) IPA(key): /ˈkwasə/ [ˈkwa.sə]
  • Rhymes: -asa, -sa
  • Audio (Malaysia):(file)
  • Rhymes: -a

Noun

kuasa (Jawi spelling کواس, plural kuasa-kuasa)

  1. power
    Synonym: tenaga
    1. (mathematics) product of equal factors.
      Synonym: pangkat (Indonesia)
    2. (physics) rate of doing work or transferring energy.
      Synonym: daya (Indonesia)
  2. strength
    Synonym: kekuatan
  3. authority
    Synonym: autoriti

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

  • kekuasaan [abstract / locative] (ke-an)
  • penguasa [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
  • berkuasa [stative / habitual] (beR-)
  • menguasai [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
  • menguasakan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
  • kuasaan [timespan / emotion] (-an)

Descendants

  • > Indonesian: kuasa (inherited)
  • → Min Nan: 掛卅／挂卅 (kòa-sa̍p), 掛些／挂些 (kòa-se), 掛沙／挂沙 (kòa-sa)
  • → Tagalog: kawasa
  • → Tausug: kawasa

References

  • Kosakata Bahasa Sanskerta dalam Bahasa Melayu Masa Kini, Jakarta, Indonesia: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa. Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 1994, →ISBN, pages 100-1
  • Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “کواس koewasa”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, pages 91-2
  • Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “کواس kuwasa”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 542
  • Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “kuasa”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 616

Further reading

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