lichen

Borrowed from Latin līchēn, from Ancient Greek λειχήν (leikhḗn), from λείχω (leíkhō, “to lick”). Originally used of liverwort; the modern sense first recorded 1715.

• enPR: lī'kən, IPA^(key): /ˈlaɪ.kən/^[1][2][3]
• enPR: lĭ'chən, (also, especially in the UK) IPA^(key): /ˈlɪtʃ.ən/^[1][2][3]

• Audio (UK):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɪkən, -ɪtʃən
• Homophones: liken, lycan

lichen (countable and uncountable, plural lichens or lichen)

2. Any of many symbiotic organisms, being associations of algae and fungi, often found as white or yellow-to-blue–green patches on rocks, old walls, etc.
   • 1894 May, Rudyard Kipling, “Lukannon”, in The Jungle Book, London, New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., published June 1894, →OCLC, page 122:

     The Beaches of Lukannon–the winter wheat so tall, / The dripping, crinkled lichens, and the sea-fog drenching all!

   • 1895 May 29, H[erbert] G[eorge] Wells, chapter XI, in The Time Machine: An Invention, London: William Heinemann, →OCLC:

     It was the same rich green that one sees on forest moss or on the lichen in caves: plants which like these grow in a perpetual twilight.

   • 1915, John Muir, chapter V, in Travels in Alaska:

     The nibble marks of the stone adze were still visible, though crusted over with scale lichens in most places.

3. (figurative) Something which gradually spreads across something else, causing damage.

   Synonym: cancer

   • 1912 January, Zane Grey, “Shadows on the Sage-slope”, in Riders of the Purple Sage […], New York, N.Y., London: Harper & Brothers Publishers, →OCLC, page 202:

     Meanwhile, abiding a day of judgment, she fought ceaselessly to deny the bitter drops in her cup, to tear back the slow, the intangibly slow growth of a hot, corrosive lichen eating into her heart.

• (symbiotic organism): macrolichen, microlichen

lichen (third-person singular simple present lichens, present participle lichening, simple past and past participle lichened)

1. (transitive) To cover with lichen.
   • 1903, J. Gordon Mowat, John Alexander Cooper, Newton MacTavish, The Canadian Magazine, volume 21, page 37:

     […] making the rocks assume the mould of age and lichening the trees with damp beauty.

• algae
• fungus
• Iceland moss
• moss
• reindeer moss

• lichen on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• “lichen”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

Borrowed from Latin lichen, from Ancient Greek λειχήν (leikhḗn).

• IPA^(key): /li.kɛn/

• Audio:

  (file)

lichen m (plural lichens)

1. lichen

• lichen plan
• lichénique

• “lichen”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

• chelin

Borrowed from Ancient Greek λειχήν (leikhḗn).

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈliː.kʰeːn]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈliː.ken]

līchēn m (genitive līchēnos or līchēnis); third declension

1. (literally) a cryptogamic species of vegetation growing on trees, lichen
2. (transferred sense, medicine) an eruption on the skin of men and beasts, a tetter, ringworm
   1. (and especially) a callous excrescence upon the leg of a horse, used as a medicine

Third-declension noun (Greek-type, normal variant or non-Greek-type).

• līchēnifōrmis

• līchēna
• līchēnicos

• English: lichen
• French: lichen
• Irish: léicean
• Italian: lichene
• Portuguese: líquen
• Romanian: lichen
• Spanish: liquen

• “līchēn”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• līchēn in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 909/3.
• “līchēn” on page 1,029/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)

lichen (third-person singular present licht, past participle gelicht, auxiliary verb hunn)

1. (transitive, slang) to kick out, to throw out, to sack

• erausgeheien
• lanteren
• schassen

1. (transitive) to lift (a little)
2. (reflexive, slang) to get up, to leave (as a guest), to get to one's feet
3. (reflexive) to lift (fog, mist)

• sech hiewen

Borrowed from French lichen.

lichen m (plural licheni)

1. lichen