mikill

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse mikill, from Proto-Germanic *mikilaz, from Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂-.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈmɪːcɪtɬ]
    Rhymes: -ɪːcɪtɬ

Adjective

mikill (comparative meiri or (when functioning as a noun) meiru, superlative mestur)

  1. large in quantity or number
  2. much
  3. great

Declension

Positive forms of mikill
strong declension
(indefinite)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative mikill mikil mikið
accusative mikinn mikla
dative miklum mikilli miklu
genitive mikils mikillar mikils
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative miklir miklar mikil
accusative mikla
dative miklum
genitive mikilla
weak declension
(definite)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative mikli mikla mikla
acc/dat/gen mikla miklu
plural (all-case) miklu
Comparative forms of mikill
weak declension
(definite)
masculine feminine neuter
singular (all-case) meiri, meiru1 meiri, meiru1 meira, meiru1
plural (all-case) meiri

1When functioning as a noun.

Superlative forms of mikill
strong declension
(indefinite)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative mestur mest mest
accusative mestan mesta
dative mestum mestri mestu
genitive mests mestrar mests
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative mestir mestar mest
accusative mesta
dative mestum
genitive mestra
weak declension
(definite)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative mesti mesta mesta
acc/dat/gen mesta mestu
plural (all-case) mestu

Derived terms

Old Norse

Alternative forms

  • mykill

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *mikilaz (great, many), from Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (big, great). Cognate with Old English miċel, Old Saxon mikil, Old Dutch mikil, Old High German mihhil, Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌺𐌹𐌻𐍃 (mikils).

Adjective

mikill (comparative meiri, superlative mestr)

  1. great, tall of stature
  2. great, large, in bulk or size
    áin var mikilthe river was swollen
  3. (of quantity) much
  4. prominent

Inflection

This word seems to have a suppletive inflection, using another root in the comparative and superlative forms, than in the positive form (albeit one inherited from earlier Proto-Germanic). Note also the otherwise irregular nn-ending in the accusative singular masculine form (mikinn), as well as the t-ending in the nominative and accusative singular neuter forms (mikit).

Strong declension of mikill
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative mikill mikil mikit
accusative mikinn mikla mikit
dative miklum mikilli miklu
genitive mikils mikillar mikils
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative miklir miklar mikil
accusative mikla miklar mikil
dative miklum miklum miklum
genitive mikilla mikilla mikilla
Weak declension of mikill
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative mikli mikla mikla
accusative mikla miklu mikla
dative mikla miklu mikla
genitive mikla miklu mikla
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative miklu miklu miklu
accusative miklu miklu miklu
dative miklum miklum miklum
genitive miklu miklu miklu
Declension of comparative of mikill
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative meiri meiri meira
accusative meira meiri meira
dative meira meiri meira
genitive meira meiri meira
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative meiri meiri meiri
accusative meiri meiri meiri
dative meirum meirum meirum
genitive meiri meiri meiri
Strong declension of superlative of mikill
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative mestr mest mest
accusative mestan mesta mest
dative mestum mestri mestu
genitive mests mestrar mests
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative mestir mestar mest
accusative mesta mestar mest
dative mestum mestum mestum
genitive mestra mestra mestra
Weak declension of superlative of mikill
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative mesti mesta mesta
accusative mesta mestu mesta
dative mesta mestu mesta
genitive mesta mestu mesta
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative mestu mestu mestu
accusative mestu mestu mestu
dative mestum mestum mestum
genitive mestu mestu mestu

Descendants

  • Icelandic: mikill
  • Faroese: mikil
  • Norn: mikkel, mukkel
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: mykjen, myken (-n from acc. mikinn)
  • Elfdalian: mitjin
  • Old Swedish: mykil, mykin
  • Old Danish: mikin
  • Old Norse: mikit n

Further reading

  • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “mikill”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive
  • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “meiri”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive
  • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “mestr”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive