nigen
Middle Dutch
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈniːɣən/
Verb
nigen
- to bow
Inflection
| infinitive | base form | nigen | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| genitive | nigens | ||||||
| dative | nigene | ||||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||||
| present | past | present | past | ||||
| 1st person singular | nige | nêech | nige | nēge | |||
| 2nd person singular | nijchs, niges | nēechs, nēges | nijchs, niges | nēges | |||
| 3rd person singular | nijcht, niget | nêech | nige | nēge | |||
| 1st person plural | nigen | nēgen | nigen | nēgen | |||
| 2nd person plural | nijcht, niget | nēecht, nēget | nijcht, niget | nēget | |||
| 3rd person plural | nigen | nēgen | nigen | nēgen | |||
| imperative | |||||||
| singular | nijch, nige | ||||||
| plural | nijcht, niget | ||||||
| present | past | ||||||
| participle | nigende | genēgen | |||||
Descendants
Further reading
- “nighen (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “nigen”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
Middle High German
Etymology
Inherited from Old High German nīgan, from Proto-West Germanic *hnīgan.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (before 13th CE) /ˈniːɡən/
Verb
nīgen (class 1 strong, third-person singular present nīget, past tense neic, past participle genigen, past subjunctive nige, auxiliary hān)
- (intransitive) to bow
Conjugation
Conjugation of nīgen (class 1 strong, auxiliary hān)
| infinitive | nīgen | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| genitive gerund | nīgennes nīgenes | ||||
| dative gerund | nīgenne nīgene | ||||
| present participle | nīgende | ||||
| past participle | genigen | ||||
| auxiliary | hān | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich nīge | wir nīgen | i | ich nīge | wir nīgen |
| du nīgest | ir nīget | du nīgest | ir nīget | ||
| ër nīget | sie nīgent | ër nīge | sie nīgen | ||
| preterite | ich neic | wir nicen | ii | ich nice | wir nicen |
| du nice | ir nicet | du nicest | ir nicet | ||
| ër neic | sie nicen | ër nice | sie nicen | ||
| imperative | nīc (du) | nīget (ir) | |||
Composed forms of nīgen (class 1 strong, auxiliary hān)
| perfect | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| indicative | ich hān genigen | wir hān genigen | subjunctive | ich habe genigen | wir haben genigen |
| du hāst genigen | ir hāt genigen | du habest genigen | ir habet genigen | ||
| ër hāt genigen | sie hānt genigen | ër habe genigen | sie haben genigen | ||
| pluperfect | |||||
| indicative | ich habete genigen | wir habeten genigen | subjunctive | ich habete genigen | wir habeten genigen |
| du habetest genigen | ir habetet genigen | du habetest genigen | ir habetet genigen | ||
| ër habete genigen | sie habeten genigen | ër habete genigen | sie habeten genigen | ||
| future i | |||||
| infinitive | nīgen süln | subjunctive i | ich sul nīgen | wir suln nīgen | |
| du sule nīgen | ir sulet nīgen | ||||
| ër sul nīgen | sie suln nīgen | ||||
| indicative | ich sol nīgen | wir sulen nīgen | subjunctive ii | ich sölte nīgen ich sölde nīgen |
wir sölten nīgen wir sölden nīgen |
| du solt nīgen | ir sulet nīgen | du söltest nīgen du söldest nīgen |
ir söltet nīgen ir söldet nīgen | ||
| ër sol nīgen | sie sulen nīgen | ër sölte nīgen ër sölde nīgen |
sie sölten nīgen sie sölden nīgen | ||
| future ii | |||||
| infinitive | genigen hān süln | subjunctive i | ich sul genigen hān | wir suln genigen hān | |
| du sule genigen hān | ir sulet genigen hān | ||||
| ër sul genigen hān | sie suln genigen hān | ||||
| indicative | ich sol genigen hān | wir sulen genigen hān | subjunctive ii | ich sölte genigen hān ich sölde genigen hān |
wir sölten genigen hān wir sölden genigen hān |
| du solt genigen hān | ir sulet genigen hān | du söltest genigen hān du söldest genigen hān |
ir söltet genigen hān ir söldet genigen hān | ||
| ër sol genigen hān | sie sulen genigen hān | ër sölte genigen hān ër sölde genigen hān |
sie sölten genigen hān sie sölden genigen hān | ||
Descendants
- German: neigen
References
- Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Müller, Wilhelm, Zarncke, Friedrich (1863) “nigen”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel