ofuscar

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ecclesiastical Latin offuscāre (“to darken, to obscure”), from Latin ob- + fuscō (“to darken”). Compare French offusquer.

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /o.fusˈka(ʁ)/ [o.fusˈka(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /o.fusˈka(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /o.fuʃˈka(ʁ)/ [o.fuʃˈka(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /o.fusˈka(ɻ)/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɔ.fuʃˈkaɾ/
- (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɔ.fuʃˈka.ɾi/

Hyphenation: o‧fus‧car

Verb

ofuscar (first-person singular present ofusco, first-person singular preterite ofusquei, past participle ofuscado)

(transitive) to outshine

Conjugation

Conjugation of ofuscar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	ofuscar
Personal	ofuscar	ofuscares	ofuscar	ofuscarmos	ofuscardes	ofuscarem
Gerund
	ofuscando
Past participle
Masculine	ofuscado			ofuscados
Feminine	ofuscada			ofuscadas
Indicative
Present	ofusco	ofuscas	ofusca	ofuscamos	ofuscais	ofuscam
Imperfect	ofuscava	ofuscavas	ofuscava	ofuscávamos	ofuscáveis	ofuscavam
Preterite	ofusquei	ofuscaste	ofuscou	ofuscamos¹, ofuscámos²	ofuscastes	ofuscaram
Pluperfect	ofuscara	ofuscaras	ofuscara	ofuscáramos	ofuscáreis	ofuscaram
Future	ofuscarei	ofuscarás	ofuscará	ofuscaremos	ofuscareis	ofuscarão
Conditional	ofuscaria	ofuscarias	ofuscaria	ofuscaríamos	ofuscaríeis	ofuscariam
Subjunctive
Present	ofusque	ofusques	ofusque	ofusquemos	ofusqueis	ofusquem
Imperfect	ofuscasse	ofuscasses	ofuscasse	ofuscássemos	ofuscásseis	ofuscassem
Future	ofuscar	ofuscares	ofuscar	ofuscarmos	ofuscardes	ofuscarem
Imperative
Affirmative		ofusca	ofusque	ofusquemos	ofuscai	ofusquem
Negative (não)		não ofusques	não ofusque	não ofusquemos	não ofusqueis	não ofusquem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Spanish

Etymology

Semi-learned borrowing from Late Latin obfuscāre, from Latin ob- + fuscō (“to darken”). Compare Italian offuscare.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ofusˈkaɾ/ [o.fusˈkaɾ]
Rhymes: -aɾ
Syllabification: o‧fus‧car

Verb

ofuscar (first-person singular present ofusco, first-person singular preterite ofusqué, past participle ofuscado)

(transitive) to obfuscate
(transitive) to confuse
(transitive) to wow, astonish

Conjugation

Conjugation of ofuscar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

		singular			plural
infinitive			ofuscar
gerund			ofuscando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		ofuscado		ofuscada
		plural		ofuscados		ofuscadas
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	ofusco	ofuscas^{^tú} ofuscás^{^vos}	ofusca	ofuscamos	ofuscáis	ofuscan
	imperfect	ofuscaba	ofuscabas	ofuscaba	ofuscábamos	ofuscabais	ofuscaban
	preterite	ofusqué	ofuscaste	ofuscó	ofuscamos	ofuscasteis	ofuscaron
	future	ofuscaré	ofuscarás	ofuscará	ofuscaremos	ofuscaréis	ofuscarán
	conditional	ofuscaría	ofuscarías	ofuscaría	ofuscaríamos	ofuscaríais	ofuscarían

subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	ofusque	ofusques^{^tú} ofusqués^{^vos²}	ofusque	ofusquemos	ofusquéis	ofusquen
	imperfect (ra)	ofuscara	ofuscaras	ofuscara	ofuscáramos	ofuscarais	ofuscaran
	imperfect (se)	ofuscase	ofuscases	ofuscase	ofuscásemos	ofuscaseis	ofuscasen
	future¹	ofuscare	ofuscares	ofuscare	ofuscáremos	ofuscareis	ofuscaren

imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		ofusca^{^tú} ofuscá^{^vos}	ofusque	ofusquemos	ofuscad	ofusquen
	negative		no ofusques	no ofusque	no ofusquemos	no ofusquéis	no ofusquen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Selected combined forms of ofuscar (c-qu alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive ofuscar	dative	ofuscarme	ofuscarte	ofuscarle, ofuscarse	ofuscarnos	ofuscaros	ofuscarles, ofuscarse
with infinitive ofuscar	accusative	ofuscarme	ofuscarte	ofuscarlo, ofuscarla, ofuscarse	ofuscarnos	ofuscaros	ofuscarlos, ofuscarlas, ofuscarse

with gerund ofuscando	dative	ofuscándome	ofuscándote	ofuscándole, ofuscándose	ofuscándonos	ofuscándoos	ofuscándoles, ofuscándose
with gerund ofuscando	accusative	ofuscándome	ofuscándote	ofuscándolo, ofuscándola, ofuscándose	ofuscándonos	ofuscándoos	ofuscándolos, ofuscándolas, ofuscándose

with informal second-person singular tú imperative ofusca	dative	ofúscame	ofúscate	ofúscale	ofúscanos	not used	ofúscales
with informal second-person singular tú imperative ofusca	accusative	ofúscame	ofúscate	ofúscalo, ofúscala	ofúscanos	not used	ofúscalos, ofúscalas

with informal second-person singular vos imperative ofuscá	dative	ofuscame	ofuscate	ofuscale	ofuscanos	not used	ofuscales
	accusative	ofuscame	ofuscate	ofuscalo, ofuscala	ofuscanos	not used	ofuscalos, ofuscalas

with formal second-person singular imperative ofusque	dative	ofúsqueme	not used	ofúsquele, ofúsquese	ofúsquenos	not used	ofúsqueles
with formal second-person singular imperative ofusque	accusative	ofúsqueme	not used	ofúsquelo, ofúsquela, ofúsquese	ofúsquenos	not used	ofúsquelos, ofúsquelas

with first-person plural imperative ofusquemos	dative	not used	ofusquémoste	ofusquémosle	ofusquémonos	ofusquémoos	ofusquémosles
with first-person plural imperative ofusquemos	accusative	not used	ofusquémoste	ofusquémoslo, ofusquémosla	ofusquémonos	ofusquémoos	ofusquémoslos, ofusquémoslas

with informal second-person plural imperative ofuscad	dative	ofuscadme	not used	ofuscadle	ofuscadnos	ofuscaos	ofuscadles
with informal second-person plural imperative ofuscad	accusative	ofuscadme	not used	ofuscadlo, ofuscadla	ofuscadnos	ofuscaos	ofuscadlos, ofuscadlas

with formal second-person plural imperative ofusquen	dative	ofúsquenme	not used	ofúsquenle	ofúsquennos	not used	ofúsquenles, ofúsquense
with formal second-person plural imperative ofusquen	accusative	ofúsquenme	not used	ofúsquenlo, ofúsquenla	ofúsquennos	not used	ofúsquenlos, ofúsquenlas, ofúsquense

ofuscar

Portuguese

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Further reading

Spanish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Further reading