purgar
Portuguese
Etymology
From Latin purgāre (“to purge; to clean”), from pūrus (“clean, pure”) + agō (“to make”).
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /puʁˈɡa(ʁ)/ [puɦˈɡa(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /puɾˈɡa(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /puʁˈɡa(ʁ)/ [puʁˈɡa(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /puɻˈɡa(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /puɾˈɡaɾ/ [puɾˈɣaɾ]
- (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /puɾˈɡa.ɾi/ [puɾˈɣa.ɾi]
- Hyphenation: pur‧gar
Verb
purgar (first-person singular present purgo, first-person singular preterite purguei, past participle purgado)
- to purge (clean thoroughly; cleanse; rid of impurities)
- (religion) to purge (free from sin, guilt, or the burden or responsibility of misdeeds)
- (medicine) to give laxatives
Conjugation
Conjugation of purgar (g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.
Synonyms
- (to clean): See Thesaurus:limpar
Antonyms
- (antonym(s) of “to clean”): See Thesaurus:limpar
Related terms
- purga
- purgação
- purgado
- purgador
- purgante
- purgatina
- purgativa
- purgativo
- purgatorial
- purgatório
Serbo-Croatian
Alternative forms
Etymology
Noun
pȕrgar m anim (Cyrillic spelling пу̏ргар)
Related terms
Spanish
Etymology
From Latin purgāre (“to purge; to clean”), from pūrus (“clean, pure”) + agō (“to make”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /puɾˈɡaɾ/ [puɾˈɣ̞aɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: pur‧gar
Verb
purgar (first-person singular present purgo, first-person singular preterite purgué, past participle purgado)
- (transitive) to purge
- (religion, transitive) to purge
- Synonym: expiar
- 1898, Benito Pérez Galdós, De Oñate a la Granja, Chapter I:
- ha venido usted a purgar el pecado de meterse a redentor
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- (transitive) to drain
- (transitive) to bleed (to remove air bubbles from a pipe containing other fluids)
- purgar el radiador
- drain the radiator
Conjugation
Conjugation of purgar (g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | purgar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | purgando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | purgado | purgada | |||||
| plural | purgados | purgadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | purgo | purgastú purgásvos |
purga | purgamos | purgáis | purgan | |
| imperfect | purgaba | purgabas | purgaba | purgábamos | purgabais | purgaban | |
| preterite | purgué | purgaste | purgó | purgamos | purgasteis | purgaron | |
| future | purgaré | purgarás | purgará | purgaremos | purgaréis | purgarán | |
| conditional | purgaría | purgarías | purgaría | purgaríamos | purgaríais | purgarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | purgue | purguestú purguésvos2 |
purgue | purguemos | purguéis | purguen | |
| imperfect (ra) |
purgara | purgaras | purgara | purgáramos | purgarais | purgaran | |
| imperfect (se) |
purgase | purgases | purgase | purgásemos | purgaseis | purgasen | |
| future1 | purgare | purgares | purgare | purgáremos | purgareis | purgaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
| affirmative | purgatú purgávos |
purgue | purguemos | purgad | purguen | ||
| negative | no purgues | no purgue | no purguemos | no purguéis | no purguen | ||
Selected combined forms of purgar (g-gu alternation)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive purgar | dative | purgarme | purgarte | purgarle, purgarse | purgarnos | purgaros | purgarles, purgarse |
| accusative | purgarme | purgarte | purgarlo, purgarla, purgarse | purgarnos | purgaros | purgarlos, purgarlas, purgarse | |
| with gerund purgando | dative | purgándome | purgándote | purgándole, purgándose | purgándonos | purgándoos | purgándoles, purgándose |
| accusative | purgándome | purgándote | purgándolo, purgándola, purgándose | purgándonos | purgándoos | purgándolos, purgándolas, purgándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative purga | dative | púrgame | púrgate | púrgale | púrganos | not used | púrgales |
| accusative | púrgame | púrgate | púrgalo, púrgala | púrganos | not used | púrgalos, púrgalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative purgá | dative | purgame | purgate | purgale | purganos | not used | purgales |
| accusative | purgame | purgate | purgalo, purgala | purganos | not used | purgalos, purgalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative purgue | dative | púrgueme | not used | púrguele, púrguese | púrguenos | not used | púrgueles |
| accusative | púrgueme | not used | púrguelo, púrguela, púrguese | púrguenos | not used | púrguelos, púrguelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative purguemos | dative | not used | purguémoste | purguémosle | purguémonos | purguémoos | purguémosles |
| accusative | not used | purguémoste | purguémoslo, purguémosla | purguémonos | purguémoos | purguémoslos, purguémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative purgad | dative | purgadme | not used | purgadle | purgadnos | purgaos | purgadles |
| accusative | purgadme | not used | purgadlo, purgadla | purgadnos | purgaos | purgadlos, purgadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative purguen | dative | púrguenme | not used | púrguenle | púrguennos | not used | púrguenles, púrguense |
| accusative | púrguenme | not used | púrguenlo, púrguenla | púrguennos | not used | púrguenlos, púrguenlas, púrguense | |
Derived terms
Further reading
- “purgar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024